{"id":13210,"date":"2023-08-24T14:45:38","date_gmt":"2023-08-24T14:45:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/zahranicni-vmesovani-dezinformace-a-dezinformace"},"modified":"2023-08-24T14:45:38","modified_gmt":"2023-08-24T14:45:38","slug":"zahranicni-vmesovani-dezinformace-a-dezinformace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/zahranicni-vmesovani-dezinformace-a-dezinformace","title":{"rendered":"Zahrani\u010dn\u00ed vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed, dezinformace a dezinformace"},"content":{"rendered":"

V b\u0159eznu 2022 schv\u00e1lil Evropsk\u00fd parlament prvn\u00ed usnesen\u00ed o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Tato rezoluce o zahrani\u010dn\u00edch z\u00e1saz\u00edch do demokratick\u00fdch proces\u016f Evropsk\u00e9 unie a jej\u00edch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f byla p\u0159ijata velkou v\u011bt\u0161inou: 552 hlas\u016f pro, 81 proti a 60 se zdr\u017eelo hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/span>Tento dokument se t\u00fdk\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00ed vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by mohlo p\u0159ij\u00edt zRuska a\u010c\u00edny, vzhledem kvelmi slo\u017eit\u00e9mu geopolitick\u00e9mu sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i, vn\u011bm\u017e \u017eijeme. <\/span><\/p>\n

Usnesen\u00ed se zam\u011b\u0159uje zejm\u00e9na na problematiku digit\u00e1ln\u00edch dezinformac\u00ed veden\u00fdch zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi mocnostmi, a proto m\u00e1 za c\u00edl zak\u00e1zat dary a financov\u00e1n\u00ed ze strany zahrani\u010dn\u00edch mocnost\u00ed mimo Evropu pro jakoukoli stranu, nadaci nebo politickou osobnost zast\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed ve\u0159ejnou nebo volenou funkci.<\/span><\/p>\n

Toto usnesen\u00ed vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 Evropskou komisi, aby navrhla v\u00edce\u00farov\u0148ovou meziodv\u011btvovou strategii a vy\u010dlenila odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00ed zdroje, kter\u00e9 EU a \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty vybav\u00ed vhodn\u00fdmi politikami odolnosti a odstra\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edmi n\u00e1stroji. Tato strategie by m\u011bla b\u00fdt zalo\u017eena na p\u0159\u00edstupu zalo\u017een\u00e9m na rizic\u00edch a m\u011bla by zahrnovat jak spole\u010dnost, tak vl\u00e1dy. <\/span><\/p>\n

Usnesen\u00ed stanov\u00ed zejm\u00e9na n\u011bkolik c\u00edl\u016f, jako je pos\u00edlen\u00ed odolnosti EU prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm situa\u010dn\u00edho pov\u011bdom\u00ed, medi\u00e1ln\u00ed gramotnosti a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, podpora soci\u00e1ln\u00ed odolnosti v\u016f\u010di dezinformac\u00edm b\u011bhem volebn\u00edch proces\u016f a zaveden\u00ed re\u017eimu sankc\u00ed a omezuj\u00edc\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed za \u00fa\u010delem boje proti dezinformac\u00edm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na 10<\/span>.<\/span> b\u0159ezna 2022 byla vytvo\u0159ena nov\u00e1 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed komise, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako ING2, kterou Evropsk\u00fd parlament pov\u011b\u0159il, aby na usnesen\u00ed nav\u00e1zala. Nov\u00e1 Komise m\u011bla za \u00fakol ve spolupr\u00e1ci a po konzultaci se st\u00e1l\u00fdmi v\u00fdbory analyzovat st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy a politiky s c\u00edlem identifikovat mo\u017en\u00e9 mezery, mezery a p\u0159ekr\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by mohly b\u00fdt zneu\u017eity za \u00fa\u010delem z\u00e1ke\u0159n\u00e9ho zasahov\u00e1n\u00ed do demokratick\u00fdch proces\u016f; vypracovat n\u00e1vrhy t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se zp\u016fsob\u016f odstran\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto mezer; a podpo\u0159it pr\u00e1vn\u00ed odolnost EU; \u00fazce spolupracovat s dal\u0161\u00edmi org\u00e1ny EU, org\u00e1ny \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edmi organizacemi, ob\u010danskou spole\u010dnost\u00ed, jako\u017e i nest\u00e1tn\u00edmi partnery ve t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00edch s c\u00edlem pos\u00edlit opat\u0159en\u00ed EU proti hybridn\u00edm hrozb\u00e1m a dezinformac\u00edm; zajistit podrobn\u00e1 a d\u016fsledn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed v n\u00e1vaznosti na zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vu komise INGE 1 a p\u0159isp\u011bt k celkov\u00e9 institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed odolnosti v\u016f\u010di zahrani\u010dn\u00edmu vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed, hybridn\u00edm hrozb\u00e1m a dezinformac\u00edm v obdob\u00ed p\u0159ed volbami do Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu v roce 2024.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jednalo se tedy o velmi intenzivn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eadovala zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Po p\u0159ijet\u00ed prvn\u00ed rezoluce v roce 2022 se poslanci Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu za\u010dali setk\u00e1vat s tv\u016frci n\u00e1rodn\u00edch, evropsk\u00fdch a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch politik, zpravodajsk\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f EU, NATO StratCom v Rize, Centrem excelence pro hybridn\u00ed hrozby (tzv. Hybrid Coe), australskou vl\u00e1dou a \u00fa\u0159ady a p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi org\u00e1ny OSN v New Yorku a se sv\u00fdmi prot\u011bj\u0161ky a p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdmi org\u00e1ny v Kyjev\u011b na Ukrajin\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n

A\u017e do leto\u0161n\u00edho 31.<\/span>.<\/span> kv\u011btna 2023 Evropsk\u00fd parlament odhlasoval n\u00e1vrh strategie, kter\u00e1 by mohla zv\u00fd\u0161it evropskou obranyschopnost proti zahrani\u010dn\u00edmu vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed a manipulaci s informacemi s c\u00edlem ochr\u00e1nit nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 volby v roce 2024. <\/span> <\/p>\n

Podle poslanc\u016f parlamentu by toti\u017e v obdob\u00ed bezprost\u0159edn\u011b p\u0159ed volbami, tedy od 6. do 9. \u010dervna, mohly informa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fatoky exponenci\u00e1ln\u011b nar\u016fstat a nab\u00fdvat sofistikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch forem. Na tuto skute\u010dnost upozornila zpr\u00e1va Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edho v\u00fdboru pro zahrani\u010dn\u00ed vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed do v\u0161ech demokratick\u00fdch proces\u016f v Evropsk\u00e9 unii. Zpr\u00e1va byla na plen\u00e1rn\u00edm zased\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ijata 469 hlasy pro, 71 proti a 75 \u010dlen\u016f se zdr\u017eelo hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va analyzuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9my souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s ru\u0161en\u00edm online platforem a zam\u011b\u0159uje se tak\u00e9 na pot\u0159ebnou ochranu kritick\u00e9 infrastruktury a strategick\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00edm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem je zasahov\u00e1n\u00ed do volebn\u00edch proces\u016f, co\u017e je ot\u00e1zka souvisej\u00edc\u00ed tak\u00e9 se skryt\u00fdm financov\u00e1n\u00edm politick\u00fdch aktivit zahrani\u010dn\u00edmi akt\u00e9ry a odolnost\u00ed v\u016f\u010di kybernetick\u00fdm \u00fatok\u016fm. <\/span><\/p>\n

Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 situaci vid\u00edme pachatele nebo potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed pachatele tohoto vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm Rusko a \u010c\u00ednu, nejen v Evropsk\u00e9 unii, ale tak\u00e9 v p\u0159istupuj\u00edc\u00edch zem\u00edch v\u010detn\u011b z\u00e1padn\u00edho Balk\u00e1nu a v zem\u00edch glob\u00e1ln\u00edho Jihu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Parlament proto odsoudil nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd fenom\u00e9n „<\/span>n\u00e1jemn\u00fdch dezinforma\u010dn\u00edch slu\u017eeb“. <\/span>na, kter\u00fd zahrnuje v\u0161echny ty poskytovatele, kte\u0159\u00ed nab\u00edzej\u00ed dezinforma\u010dn\u00ed slu\u017eby vl\u00e1dn\u00edm i nevl\u00e1dn\u00edm akt\u00e9r\u016fm pomoc\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f, jako je tzv. dark web, s c\u00edlem ovlivnit volebn\u00ed procesy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pokud jde o nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed transakce, kter\u00e9 poch\u00e1zej\u00ed ze t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed a sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed do politick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu EU, poslanci vyz\u00fdvaj\u00ed Komisi, aby usnadnila vysledovatelnost dar\u016f, a vyz\u00fdvaj\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 zem\u011b, aby urychlen\u011b \u0159e\u0161ily ot\u00e1zku dar\u016f ze t\u0159et\u00edch zem\u00ed pro n\u00e1rodn\u00ed politick\u00e9 strany.<\/span><\/p>\n

V neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b zpr\u00e1va vypracovan\u00e1 Evropsk\u00fdm parlamentem upozor\u0148uje na rizika ekonomick\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti, \u0161pion\u00e1\u017ee a sabot\u00e1\u017ee. Znovu se tak objevuje p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed zak\u00e1zat TikTok na v\u0161ech \u00farovn\u00edch st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy a v instituc\u00edch EU. Rada a Komise se rovn\u011b\u017e vyz\u00fdvaj\u00ed, aby zak\u00e1zaly pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a softwaru od v\u00fdrobc\u016f z rizikov\u00fdch zem\u00ed, co\u017e se v\u017edy t\u00fdk\u00e1 \u010c\u00edny a Ruska, jako jsou ByteDance Huawei, ZTE, Kaspersky, NtechLab nebo Nuctech.<\/span><\/p>\n

Evropsk\u00fd parlament proto obecn\u011b jednomysln\u011b rozhodl o zaveden\u00ed koordinovan\u00e9 strategie na evropsk\u00e9 \u00farovni, a to podporou nov\u00fdch iniciativ a zefektivn\u011bn\u00edm st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f v t\u00e9to oblasti. Vyz\u00fdv\u00e1 se tak\u00e9 k financov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed dezinformac\u00ed a podpo\u0159e demokratick\u00fdch proces\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pro realizaci tohoto z\u00e1sadn\u00edho procesu je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 role Evropsk\u00e9 komise, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 v nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b p\u0159edlo\u017eit bal\u00ed\u010dek opat\u0159en\u00ed na ochranu demokracie a pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f proti hybridn\u00edm hrozb\u00e1m v EU. <\/span><\/p>\n

Zpravodajka Sandra Kalniete k ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b parlamentu uvedla: „<\/span>Zahrani\u010dn\u00ed vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed do demokratick\u00fdch proces\u016f p\u0159edstavuje rostouc\u00ed hrozbu pro bezpe\u010dnost \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f EU a EU, zejm\u00e9na na pozad\u00ed rychl\u00e9ho technologick\u00e9ho rozvoje a pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00e1lky Ruska na Ukrajin\u011b. Mus\u00edme urychlen\u011b jednat a rychle realizovat na\u0161e doporu\u010den\u00ed. Je t\u0159eba v\u00fdznamn\u011b a dlouhodob\u011b investovat do na\u0161\u00ed demokratick\u00e9 odolnosti a vyu\u017e\u00edt p\u0159itom zku\u0161enost\u00ed na\u0161ich partner\u016f, jako je Ukrajina a Tchaj-wan.“ <\/span><\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ce, kterou evropsk\u00fd volebn\u00ed org\u00e1n vykon\u00e1v\u00e1 ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let, je zam\u011b\u0159ena na to, aby Evropsk\u00e1 unie a jej\u00ed informace byly co nejpravdiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nejnez\u00e1vislej\u0161\u00ed a aby byla zavedena spole\u010dn\u00e1 strategie, kter\u00e1 se dok\u00e1\u017ee vypo\u0159\u00e1dat s rostouc\u00edmi riziky spojen\u00fdmi s vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi z\u00e1sahy.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zd\u00e1 se v\u0161ak, \u017ee \u010dinnost Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu nep\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky v Evropsk\u00e9 komisi, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 podivnou tendenci ne\u0159\u00eddit se t\u00edm, co navrhuj\u00ed poslanci Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu, zvolen\u00ed z v\u016fle evropsk\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b v boji proti zahrani\u010dn\u00edmu vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed Evropsk\u00e1 komise ustupuje, p\u0159esto\u017ee Parlament v t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zce vyj\u00e1d\u0159il svou v\u016fli. A nam\u00edsto toho, aby Komise p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed t\u00fdden p\u0159edlo\u017eila „bal\u00ed\u010dek na obranu demokracie“, rozhodla se prov\u00e9st intern\u00ed anal\u00fdzu s c\u00edlem posoudit mo\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fsledky tohoto n\u00e1vrhu.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159i zp\u011btn\u00e9m pohledu by se v\u0161ak bal\u00ed\u010dek nezam\u011b\u0159oval pouze na \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 a rusk\u00e9 hackery a roboty, ale tak\u00e9 na nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 ONG. Ty se zdaj\u00ed b\u00fdt v tomto ohledu obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b n\u00e1chyln\u00e9, proto\u017ee siln\u011b kritizovaly pl\u00e1n, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 z\u00e1jmov\u00e9 skupiny p\u0159im\u011bt k odhalen\u00ed zahrani\u010dn\u00edho financov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dastup Komise je od\u016fvodn\u011bn t\u00edm, \u017ee je t\u0159eba v\u00edce \u010dasu a nov\u00fdch anal\u00fdz k posouzen\u00ed dopadu, kter\u00fd by tento bal\u00ed\u010dek mohl m\u00edt v hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a politick\u00e9 oblasti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pot\u0159eba transparentnosti je v\u0161ak jednou z v\u00fdsad Evropsk\u00e9 unie, kter\u00e1 chce b\u00fdt skute\u010dn\u011b demokratick\u00e1. Stejnou pot\u0159ebu transparentnosti nav\u00edc v mnoha dal\u0161\u00edch oblastech siln\u011b podporuj\u00ed nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace, kter\u00e9 nevynechaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dnou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost, aby hl\u00e1saly d\u016fle\u017eitost demokratick\u00fdch a transparentn\u00edch proces\u016f. <\/span><\/p>\n

Z tohoto d\u016fvodu se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt v\u016fbec zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed, \u017ee u n\u00e1vrhu, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 chr\u00e1nit ob\u010dany a informace, existuj\u00ed pochybnosti o jeho v\u00fdvoji. Mo\u017en\u00e1 proto, \u017ee p\u0159i bli\u017e\u0161\u00edm pohledu se uk\u00e1\u017ee, \u017ee prvn\u00ed, kdo nejsou zcela transparentn\u00ed, jsou pr\u00e1v\u011b ti, kdo o transparentnost usiluj\u00ed, ale jen tehdy, kdy\u017e se jim to hod\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V b\u0159eznu 2022 schv\u00e1lil Evropsk\u00fd parlament prvn\u00ed usnesen\u00ed o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Tato rezoluce o zahrani\u010dn\u00edch z\u00e1saz\u00edch do demokratick\u00fdch proces\u016f Evropsk\u00e9 unie a jej\u00edch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f byla p\u0159ijata velkou v\u011bt\u0161inou: 552 hlas\u016f pro, 81 proti a 60 se zdr\u017eelo hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed. Tento dokument se t\u00fdk\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00ed vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by mohlo p\u0159ij\u00edt zRuska a\u010c\u00edny, vzhledem kvelmi slo\u017eit\u00e9mu […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":11887,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[258],"tags":[],"editorial-positions":[],"regions":[328,339,344,356,364],"types":[415],"class_list":["post-13210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pravni","regions-central-europe-cs","regions-eastern-europe-cs","regions-northern-europe-cs","regions-southern-europe-cs","regions-western-europe-cs","types-news-cs"],"yoast_head":"\nZahrani\u010dn\u00ed vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed, dezinformace a dezinformace - The Conservative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/zahranicni-vmesovani-dezinformace-a-dezinformace\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Zahrani\u010dn\u00ed vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed, dezinformace a dezinformace - The Conservative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"V b\u0159eznu 2022 schv\u00e1lil Evropsk\u00fd parlament prvn\u00ed usnesen\u00ed o zahrani\u010dn\u00edm vm\u011b\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Tato rezoluce o zahrani\u010dn\u00edch z\u00e1saz\u00edch do demokratick\u00fdch proces\u016f Evropsk\u00e9 unie a jej\u00edch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f byla p\u0159ijata velkou v\u011bt\u0161inou: 552 hlas\u016f pro, 81 proti a 60 se zdr\u017eelo hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed. 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