{"id":2354,"date":"2021-11-13T13:54:02","date_gmt":"2021-11-13T13:54:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/platforma-evropske-pameti-a-svedomi"},"modified":"2021-11-13T13:54:02","modified_gmt":"2021-11-13T13:54:02","slug":"platforma-evropske-pameti-a-svedomi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/platforma-evropske-pameti-a-svedomi","title":{"rendered":"Platforma evropsk\u00e9 pam\u011bti a sv\u011bdom\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jsme to, co si pamatujeme. Pam\u011b\u0165 je na\u0161\u00edm pr\u016fvodcem do budoucnosti. Proto bychom nikdy nem\u011bli zapom\u00ednat na totalitarismus dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, jak n\u00e1rodn\u00ed socialismus, tak komunismus…<\/p>\n

Ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let jsem aktivn\u00edm \u010dlenem Platformy evropsk\u00e9 pam\u011bti a sv\u011bdom\u00ed<\/a> jm\u00e9nem v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu<\/a> na Islandu. Des\u00e1t\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed Platforma oslavila na konferenci v Praze ve dnech 11.\u201313. listopadu 2021. Byla zalo\u017eena v Praze 14. \u0159\u00edjna 2011 na slavnostn\u00edm ceremoni\u00e1lu v Lichten\u0161tejnsk\u00e9m pal\u00e1ci za p\u0159\u00edtomnosti premi\u00e9r\u016f \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky Petra Ne\u010dase, Polska, Donalda Tuska a Ma\u010farska Viktora Orb\u00e1na. „Nesm\u00edme zapom\u00ednat na obdob\u00ed totality, kdy na\u0161e n\u00e1rody bojovaly za svobodu,“ \u0159ekl p\u0159i t\u00e9to p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti Ne\u010das. \u00da\u010delem Platformy je podporovat spolupr\u00e1ci mezi n\u00e1rodn\u00edmi v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdmi \u00fastavy, archivy, muzei a dal\u0161\u00edmi organizacemi, ve\u0159ejn\u00fdmi i soukrom\u00fdmi, se zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na historii totalitn\u00edch re\u017eim\u016f v Evrop\u011b, zejm\u00e9na komunismu a n\u00e1rodn\u00edho socialismu. B\u00fdval\u00fd \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00fd poslanec G\u00f6ran Lindblad byl prvn\u00edm prezidentem platformy a Neela Winkelmann byla jej\u00ed prvn\u00ed \u0159editelkou. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je prezidentem Dr. Marek Mutor z Polska a \u0159editelem Peter Rendek a s\u00eddlo Platformy je v Praze.<\/p>\n

Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 usnesen\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9ho parlamentu<\/h2>\n

Dne 19. z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2019 p\u0159ijal Evropsk\u00fd parlament usnesen\u00ed<\/a> o v\u00fdznamu evropsk\u00e9 pam\u011bti pro budoucnost Evropy. Poukazovalo na to<\/p>\n

vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee po por\u00e1\u017ece nacistick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu a konci druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky se n\u011bkter\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 zem\u011b dok\u00e1zaly znovu vybudovat a zah\u00e1jit proces usm\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9 evropsk\u00e9 zem\u011b z\u016fstaly z poloviny pod diktaturou \u2013 n\u011bkter\u00e9 pod p\u0159\u00edmou sov\u011btskou okupac\u00ed nebo vlivem stolet\u00ed a nad\u00e1le byla zbavena svobody, suverenity, d\u016fstojnosti, lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a soci\u00e1ln\u011b-ekonomick\u00e9ho rozvoje; vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee a\u010dkoli byly zlo\u010diny nacistick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu hodnoceny a potrest\u00e1ny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm norimbersk\u00fdch proces\u016f, st\u00e1le existuje nal\u00e9hav\u00e1 pot\u0159eba zv\u00fd\u0161it informovanost, prov\u00e1d\u011bt mor\u00e1ln\u00ed posouzen\u00ed a prov\u00e1d\u011bt pr\u00e1vn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed zlo\u010din\u016f stalinismu a jin\u00fdch diktatur.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Evropsk\u00fd parlament v usnesen\u00ed vyzval Evropskou komisi, aby \u201eposkytla \u00fa\u010dinnou podporu projekt\u016fm historick\u00e9 pam\u011bti a p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed v \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1tech a \u010dinnost Platformy evropsk\u00e9 pam\u011bti a sv\u011bdom\u00ed a vy\u010dlenila p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed zdroje v r\u00e1mci \u201e Program Evropa pro ob\u010dany\u201c na podporu p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed a uct\u011bn\u00ed pam\u00e1tky ob\u011bt\u00ed totality\u201c.<\/p>\n

P\u0159eklad \u010cern\u00e9 knihy komunismu<\/em><\/h2>\n

M\u016fj hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek k v\u011bci, pro kterou byla Platforma zalo\u017eena, byl troj\u00ed. Nejprve v srpnu 2009 vydalo Islandsk\u00e9 nakladatelstv\u00ed m\u016fj islandsk\u00fd p\u0159eklad \u010cern\u00e9 knihy komunismu<\/em> . Toto je statn\u00fd svazek 912 stran v p\u016fvodn\u00edm francouzsk\u00e9m vyd\u00e1n\u00ed z roku 1997, kter\u00fd vy\u0161el k \u0161edes\u00e1t\u00e9mu v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed bol\u0161evick\u00e9 revoluce v Rusku, Livre noir du communisme<\/em> , pod veden\u00edm profesora St\u00e9phana Courtoise. (Islandsk\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 828 stran.) V t\u00e9to z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci pou\u017eili v\u00fdznamn\u00ed francouz\u0161t\u00ed u\u010denci materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd byl ned\u00e1vno k dispozici v b\u00fdval\u00fdch komunistick\u00fdch zem\u00edch, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v archivech, aby podali d\u016fkladn\u00fd a vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fd popis mo\u017en\u00e1 nejmocn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho politick\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, kter\u00e9mu se poda\u0159ilo dob\u00fdt jednu t\u0159etinu sv\u011bta. Z\u00e1v\u011br redaktora profesora Courtoise byl, \u017ee si komunismus v minul\u00e9m stolet\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b vy\u017e\u00e1dal \u017eivoty nejm\u00e9n\u011b sta milion\u016f lid\u00ed a \u017ee splnil krit\u00e9ria stanoven\u00e1 v norimbersk\u00fdch procesech s b\u00fdval\u00fdmi nacistick\u00fdmi v\u016fdci jako zlo\u010dinn\u00fd politick\u00fd kr\u00e9do.<\/p>\n

Historie islandsk\u00e9ho komunistick\u00e9ho hnut\u00ed<\/h2>\n

V p\u0159ekladech \u010cern\u00e9 knihy<\/em> publikovan\u00fdch v jin\u00fdch zem\u00edch se \u010dasto objevuj\u00ed dodatky o komunistick\u00fdch hnut\u00edch v t\u011bchto zem\u00edch. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v n\u011bmeck\u00e9m vyd\u00e1n\u00ed je \u010dl\u00e1nek, kter\u00fd p\u0159idal aktivista za ob\u010dansk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va Joachim Gauck, kter\u00fd pozd\u011bji p\u016fsobil jako prezident Spolkov\u00e9 republiky. P\u016fvodn\u011b jsem m\u011bl v \u00famyslu p\u0159idat do p\u0159ekladu pr\u00e1v\u011b takov\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek o islandsk\u00e9m komunistick\u00e9m hnut\u00ed, ale brzy jsem zjistil, \u017ee mus\u00edm podniknout mnoho origin\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu, v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b proto, \u017ee ji\u017e vydan\u00e9 islandsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce na toto t\u00e9ma nebyly v\u017edy dostate\u010dn\u011b d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e9 nebo pe\u010dliv\u00e9. V roce 2011 vy\u0161el na 624 stran\u00e1ch v\u00fdsledek m\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu Island\u0161t\u00ed komunist\u00e9, 1918\u20131998<\/em> (Islenskir kommunistar 1918\u20131998). Po\u010d\u00e1tek hnut\u00ed jsem vystopoval ke dv\u011bma islandsk\u00fdm student\u016fm v Kodani (tehdy je\u0161t\u011b hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b Islandu, po stalet\u00ed d\u00e1nsk\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti) na podzim roku 1918, kdy se stali komunisty. Dostali se do kontaktu s agentem bol\u0161evick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu v Rusku a obdr\u017eeli od n\u011bj finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky na \u00fa\u010dast na kongresu Kominterny, Komunistick\u00e9 internacion\u00e1ly, sdru\u017een\u00ed komunistick\u00fdch stran v roce 1920, se s\u00eddlem v Moskv\u011b. Island\u0161t\u00ed komunist\u00e9 n\u011bkolik let p\u016fsobili v r\u00e1mci Soci\u00e1ln\u011b demokratick\u00e9 strany, ale na p\u0159\u00edkaz Kominterny zalo\u017eili v roce 1930 Komunistickou stranu Islandu. Jeden ze dvou b\u00fdval\u00fdch koda\u0148sk\u00fdch student\u016f, tvrd\u00fd stalinista Brynjolfur Bjarnason, byl prvn\u00edm a jedin\u00fdm p\u0159edsedou strany, proto\u017ee v roce 1938 se komunist\u016fm poda\u0159ilo p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit n\u011bkter\u00e9 levicov\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed demokraty, aby zalo\u017eili Stranu socialistick\u00e9 jednoty, kter\u00e1 v\u0161ak z\u016fstala stejn\u011b loaj\u00e1ln\u00ed k Moskv\u011b. jako jej\u00ed p\u0159edch\u016fdce komunistick\u00e1 strana. Dal\u0161\u00ed tvrd\u00fd stalinista, Einar Olgeirsson, byl p\u0159edsedou Strany socialistick\u00e9 jednoty po v\u011bt\u0161inu jej\u00edho \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

Po rozpadu Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu vy\u0161lo najevo, \u017ee Strana socialistick\u00e9 jednoty obdr\u017eela od Moskvy zna\u010dn\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na financov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9ho boje na kulturn\u00ed front\u011b, veden\u00e1 tvrdou stalinistkou Kristinn E. Andresson, dlouholetou \u0159editelkou vlivn\u00e9 Levicov\u00e9 knihy Klub (Mal og menning). V roce 1956 vytvo\u0159ila Strana socialistick\u00e9 jednoty volebn\u00ed alianci s levicov\u00fdmi soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi demokraty Lidov\u00e1 aliance a v roce 1968 byla rozpu\u0161t\u011bna Strana socialistick\u00e9 jednoty, zat\u00edmco Lidov\u00e1 aliance se p\u0159em\u011bnila z volebn\u00ed aliance na politickou stranu. Rozbila v\u0161echny vztahy s Kremlem, ale vedla kampa\u0148 proti \u010dlenstv\u00ed Islandu v NATO a p\u0159ijala marxistick\u00fd program. Kdy\u017e se hlavn\u00ed levicov\u00e9 strany na Islandu v roce 1998 rozhodly slou\u010dit, byla Lidov\u00e1 aliance rozpu\u0161t\u011bna. Jeho kone\u010dn\u00fdm aktem byla n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva veden\u00ed na Kub\u011b na pozv\u00e1n\u00ed kub\u00e1nsk\u00e9 komunistick\u00e9 strany. Islandsk\u00e1 delegace se cht\u011bla setkat s Castrem, ale ten se neobt\u011b\u017eoval je p\u0159ijmout. Komunistick\u00e9 hnut\u00ed Islandu tedy neskon\u010dilo bouchnut\u00edm, ale zak\u0148u\u010den\u00edm, jak by \u0159ekl b\u00e1sn\u00edk.<\/p>\n

Historiografie protikomunistick\u00e9 literatury<\/h2>\n

M\u00fdm t\u0159et\u00edm p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkem ke kauze Platformy bylo, \u017ee jsem na popud jej\u00ed \u0159editelky Neely Winkelmannov\u00e9 dal dohromady seznam \u010dtiv\u00fdch a pou\u010dn\u00fdch antikomunistick\u00fdch knih. Bruselsk\u00fd think tank New Direction m\u011b n\u00e1sledn\u011b po\u017e\u00e1dal, abych seznam roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il na kr\u00e1tkou knihu The Voices of the Victims: Notes Toward a Historiography of Anti-Communist Literature<\/em><\/a> , kter\u00e1 vy\u0161la v roce 2017. Uvedl jsem tam kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 shrnut\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch zn\u00e1m\u00fdch antikomunistick\u00fdch knih, jako je Devaten\u00e1ct osmdes\u00e1t \u010dty\u0159i<\/em> od George Orwella, Tma v poledne<\/em> od Arthura Koestlera, Vybral jsem si svobodu<\/em> od Victora Krav\u010denka a B\u016fh, kter\u00fd selhal<\/em> od \u0161esti v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch intelektu\u00e1l\u016f, Koestler, Ignazio Silone, Richard Wright, Andr\u00e9 Gide, Louis Fischer a Stephen Spender. Zm\u00ednil jsem tak\u00e9 n\u011bkter\u00e9 m\u00e9n\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 knihy, jako je Bol\u0161evick\u00e9 Rusko<\/em> od Antona Karlgrena a Hroby bez k\u0159\u00ed\u017e\u016f<\/em> od Arveda Viirlaida, a tak\u00e9 nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u00edla, v\u010detn\u011b Gulag<\/em> od Anne Applebaumov\u00e9, Mao: Nezn\u00e1m\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh<\/em> Junga Chenga a Jona Hallidaye a Frank Dik\u00f6tterova trilogie o \u010c\u00edn\u011b za komunismu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jsme to, co si pamatujeme. Pam\u011b\u0165 je na\u0161\u00edm pr\u016fvodcem do budoucnosti. Proto bychom nikdy nem\u011bli zapom\u00ednat na totalitarismus dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, jak n\u00e1rodn\u00ed socialismus, tak komunismus… Ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let jsem aktivn\u00edm \u010dlenem Platformy evropsk\u00e9 pam\u011bti a sv\u011bdom\u00ed jm\u00e9nem v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu na Islandu. Des\u00e1t\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed Platforma oslavila na konferenci v Praze ve dnech 11.\u201313. listopadu 2021. Byla […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":1930,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158],"tags":[],"editorial-positions":[],"regions":[328,339,344,356,364],"types":[449],"class_list":["post-2354","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politika","regions-central-europe-cs","regions-eastern-europe-cs","regions-northern-europe-cs","regions-southern-europe-cs","regions-western-europe-cs","types-opinion-cs"],"yoast_head":"\nPlatforma evropsk\u00e9 pam\u011bti a sv\u011bdom\u00ed - The Conservative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/platforma-evropske-pameti-a-svedomi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Platforma evropsk\u00e9 pam\u011bti a sv\u011bdom\u00ed - The Conservative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Jsme to, co si pamatujeme. Pam\u011b\u0165 je na\u0161\u00edm pr\u016fvodcem do budoucnosti. Proto bychom nikdy nem\u011bli zapom\u00ednat na totalitarismus dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, jak n\u00e1rodn\u00ed socialismus, tak komunismus… Ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let jsem aktivn\u00edm \u010dlenem Platformy evropsk\u00e9 pam\u011bti a sv\u011bdom\u00ed jm\u00e9nem v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu na Islandu. Des\u00e1t\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed Platforma oslavila na konferenci v Praze ve dnech 11.\u201313. listopadu 2021. 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Pam\u011b\u0165 je na\u0161\u00edm pr\u016fvodcem do budoucnosti. Proto bychom nikdy nem\u011bli zapom\u00ednat na totalitarismus dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed, jak n\u00e1rodn\u00ed socialismus, tak komunismus… Ji\u017e n\u011bkolik let jsem aktivn\u00edm \u010dlenem Platformy evropsk\u00e9 pam\u011bti a sv\u011bdom\u00ed jm\u00e9nem v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho \u00fastavu na Islandu. Des\u00e1t\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed Platforma oslavila na konferenci v Praze ve dnech 11.\u201313. listopadu 2021. 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