{"id":40654,"date":"2025-03-03T16:40:53","date_gmt":"2025-03-03T16:40:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/upadek-kdysi-hrdych-evropskych-zeleznic"},"modified":"2025-03-03T16:40:53","modified_gmt":"2025-03-03T16:40:53","slug":"upadek-kdysi-hrdych-evropskych-zeleznic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/upadek-kdysi-hrdych-evropskych-zeleznic","title":{"rendered":"\u00dapadek kdysi hrd\u00fdch evropsk\u00fdch \u017eeleznic"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Evropsk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh posledn\u00ed doby je bohu\u017eel p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem \u00fapadku. O nedostate\u010dn\u00e9m hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m v\u00fdkonu, o prohran\u00fdch bitv\u00e1ch s konkurenty, o ztr\u00e1t\u011b jistoty sv\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f a o sv\u00fdch vyhl\u00eddk\u00e1ch do budoucna. Jednou ze symbolicky d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch oblast\u00ed, kde se to odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, je \u00fapadek \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed dopravy na cel\u00e9m kontinentu.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u017deleznice je symbolicky d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 z n\u011bkolika d\u016fvod\u016f. Historicky byla projevem technologick\u00e9 a pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 zdatnosti a s postupuj\u00edc\u00ed urbanizac\u00ed se stala nezbytnost\u00ed pro mobilitu. Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee se r\u016fzn\u00e9 re\u017eimy 20. stolet\u00ed marketingov\u011b prosazovaly s tvrzen\u00edmi o dob\u0159e funguj\u00edc\u00edch \u017eeleznic\u00edch, vlac\u00edch, kter\u00e9 jezd\u00ed v\u017edy na \u010das, a podobn\u00fdmi kli\u0161\u00e9.  <\/span><\/p><div class='related_content'><span>RELATED<\/span><ul><li><a href='https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/ecr-party-culture-weekend-v-scille-podpora-dialogu-a-spoluprace'>ECR Party Culture Weekend v Scille: Podpora dialogu a spolupr\u00e1ce<\/li><\/a><\/ul><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 slu\u017eby, jako je \u017eeleznice, byly v jist\u00e9m smyslu v\u017edy p\u0159edm\u011btem obvin\u011bn\u00ed z poklesu spolehlivosti v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu. Cestov\u00e1n\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na na vzd\u00e1lenosti, kter\u00e9 ospravedl\u0148uj\u00ed j\u00edzdu vlakem, je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 a jak\u00e9koli naru\u0161en\u00ed se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b setk\u00e1 s frustrac\u00ed cestuj\u00edc\u00edch. Jsme skute\u010dn\u011b sv\u011bdky zhor\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010dase, jak tvrd\u00ed obecn\u00e1 zku\u0161enost?  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>P\u0159esnost vlak\u016f v Evrop\u011b<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, Francii, N\u011bmecku a \u0160v\u00e9dsku je pokles kvality \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed dopravy politick\u00fdm t\u00e9matem. Pro vysv\u011btlen\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f s dochvilnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v jednotliv\u00fdch zem\u00edch existuj\u00ed, byla p\u0159edlo\u017eena \u0159ada vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 \u010dasto souvisej\u00ed s konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm politick\u00fdm klimatem v jednotliv\u00fdch zem\u00edch. Ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed se selh\u00e1n\u00ed spolehliv\u00e9 vlakov\u00e9 dopravy \u010dasto p\u0159ipisuje privatizaci \u017eeleznic, k n\u00ed\u017e do\u0161lo v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed. Ve Francii a N\u011bmecku je p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou nedostatek finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f pro dominantn\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed provozovatele. Ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku se jedn\u00e1 o kombinaci obou vysv\u011btlen\u00ed.    <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jedn\u00edm z b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch ukazatel\u016f pro m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed spolehlivosti vlak\u016f je p\u0159esnost; kolik procent vlak\u016f doraz\u00ed do c\u00edle s ur\u010dit\u00fdm zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00edm? Toto rozp\u011bt\u00ed je v r\u016fzn\u00fdch zem\u00edch definov\u00e1no r\u016fzn\u011b, ale pokud m\u00e1 vlak zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed nejv\u00fd\u0161e p\u011bt minut, je ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b vysp\u011bl\u00fdch zem\u00ed obvykle pova\u017eov\u00e1n za &#8222;v\u010dasn\u00fd&#8220;. Ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed a \u0160v\u00fdcarsku je p\u0159esnost definov\u00e1na jako t\u0159i minuty.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Statistiky tohoto druhu, kter\u00e9 by sahaly hluboko do 20. stolet\u00ed, jsou skute\u010dn\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b dostupn\u00e9, ale spolehliv\u00e9 \u00fadaje pro Brit\u00e1nii sahaj\u00ed a\u017e do roku 1996. V tomto roce jezdilo &#8222;na \u010das&#8220; 89 % v\u0161ech britsk\u00fdch vlak\u016f provozovan\u00fdch \u0159adou r\u016fzn\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed. Dnes je to podle ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch statistik \u00da\u0159adu pro \u017eeleznice a silnice 85 procent. Odhady podle studie zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 v \u010dasopise Fiscal Studies v roce 2002 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee v roce 1984 se toto \u010d\u00edslo pohybovalo kolem 90 procent.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zpr\u00e1va francouzsk\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu pro kvalitu dopravn\u00edch slu\u017eeb zjistila, \u017ee procento vlak\u016f &#8222;na \u010das&#8220; kleslo v letech 1954-2021 z 98 na 87. A to p\u0159i definici p\u0159esnosti na 15 minut, nikoliv na b\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u011btiminutovou normu. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b se po\u010det vlak\u016f, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 15 minut, za toto obdob\u00ed ztrojn\u00e1sobil, jak o tom informovala francouzsk\u00e1 m\u00e9dia.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Podle \u00fadaj\u016f st\u00e1tn\u00edho \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edho dopravce Deutsche Bahn jezdilo v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 2023 v N\u011bmecku pouze 58 % d\u00e1lkov\u00fdch vlak\u016f &#8222;na \u010das&#8220;. I kdybychom vzali v \u00favahu, \u017ee n\u00edzk\u00e1 hodnota je mo\u017en\u00e1 mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b \u0161patn\u00fdm m\u011bs\u00edcem pro n\u011bmeck\u00e9 vlaky, v roce 2022 podle ve\u0159ejnopr\u00e1vn\u00edho vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed Deutsche Welle nesplnil hranici &#8222;na \u010das&#8220; ka\u017ed\u00fd t\u0159et\u00ed d\u00e1lkov\u00fd vlak. U region\u00e1ln\u00edch trat\u00ed bylo \u010d\u00edslo m\u00e9n\u011b ot\u0159esn\u00e9, ka\u017ed\u00fd des\u00e1t\u00fd vlak m\u011bl zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e \u0161est minut.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed statistiky dochvilnosti vlak\u016f ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku sahaj\u00ed pouze do roku 2010, ale i tak vypov\u00eddaj\u00ed o situaci. Podle vl\u00e1dn\u00edch \u010d\u00edsel lze vy\u010d\u00edst, \u017ee v tomto roce se 87 % vlak\u016f vyhnulo zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed del\u0161\u00edmu ne\u017e p\u011bt minut, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e toto \u010d\u00edslo se pomalu vy\u0161plhalo a\u017e na 92 % v roce 2019. V roce 2020 bylo dosa\u017eeno maxima 94 procent, ale existuj\u00ed d\u016fvody, pro\u010d pova\u017eovat v\u00fdlukov\u00fd rok za mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed. Od roku 2021 toto \u010d\u00edslo op\u011bt prudce klesalo a v roce 2024 se p\u0159esnost \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00fdch vlak\u016f op\u011bt vr\u00e1tila na 87 procent.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V t\u011bchto zem\u00edch se zd\u00e1, \u017ee neofici\u00e1ln\u00ed zku\u0161enosti mnoha lid\u00ed potvrzuj\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed statistiky. Co se tedy stalo? Zpr\u00e1vy v m\u00e9di\u00edch ve v\u0161ech zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch zem\u00edch b\u011b\u017en\u011b uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed jako p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9ho zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd po\u010det cestuj\u00edc\u00edch spolu se st\u00e1rnut\u00edm trat\u00ed a vlak\u016f.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>P\u0159elidn\u011bn\u00ed<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00e1r\u016fst po\u010dtu cestuj\u00edc\u00edch v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu pom\u00e1h\u00e1 vysv\u011btlit b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, jako jsou nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 kapacita a p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00e9 vlaky. V jist\u00e9m smyslu se \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed doprava stala, slovy cestovn\u00edho zpravodaje den\u00edku The Independent Simona Caldera, &#8222;ob\u011bt\u00ed sv\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edho \u00fasp\u011bchu&#8220;. Zjevn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst popularity cestov\u00e1n\u00ed po \u017eeleznici v posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolika desetilet\u00edch p\u0159ev\u00fd\u0161il dostupn\u00fd po\u010det jezd\u00edc\u00edch vlak\u016f a polo\u017een\u00fdch kolej\u00ed.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u011bkolik rozumn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din rostouc\u00ed obliby vlak\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt technologick\u00e9 zdokonalen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1sledn\u011b p\u0159ineslo \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed dopravu cenov\u011b dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e tomu bylo po v\u011bt\u0161inu 20. stolet\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt rostouc\u00ed urbanizace, kter\u00e1 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pot\u0159ebu mo\u017enost\u00ed doj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed. V dne\u0161n\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e1 db\u00e1 na ochranu klimatu, jsou vlaky tak\u00e9 \u010dasto propagov\u00e1ny jako zp\u016fsob cestov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd je nen\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd na sv\u011bdom\u00ed a mor\u00e1ln\u011b lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e osobn\u00ed automobily.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed by v\u0161ak mo\u017en\u00e1 m\u011bl b\u00fdt popula\u010dn\u00ed r\u016fst, kter\u00fd z\u00e1padn\u00ed Evropa v posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch zaznamenala, a to v nemal\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e d\u00edky masov\u00e9 imigraci. Demografick\u00e9 skupiny, kter\u00e9 se do Evropy p\u0159ist\u011bhovaly, jsou obvykle ji\u017e v produktivn\u00edm v\u011bku, ale jen z\u0159\u00eddkakdy maj\u00ed prost\u0159edky na osobn\u00ed motorov\u00e1 vozidla. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee po usazen\u00ed v nov\u00e9 hostitelsk\u00e9 zemi budou pro sv\u016fj ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot \u010dast\u011bji pot\u0159ebovat ve\u0159ejnou dopravu. Tento demografick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj plat\u00ed jak pro Velkou Brit\u00e1nii, tak pro N\u011bmecko, Francii a \u0160v\u00e9dsko.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P\u0159epln\u011bnost m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt vliv na dochvilnost, jak ukazuj\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla ze Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed a \u0160v\u00e9dska. Uprost\u0159ed pandemie roku 2020 dos\u00e1hly \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00e9 vlaky 94procentn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nosti p\u0159i v\u010dasn\u00e9m dojezdu do c\u00edle, zat\u00edmco britsk\u00e9 vlaky zaznamenaly v prvn\u00edm \u010dtvrtlet\u00ed roku 2020 desetiprocentn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nost 86 procent. Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd po\u010det cestuj\u00edc\u00edch z\u0159ejm\u011b pozitivn\u011b ovlivnil dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010das\u016f, ale dalo se o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee Brit\u00e1nie, kter\u00e1 prosadila mnohem tvrd\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdluku ne\u017e \u0160v\u00e9dsko, se vy\u0161plh\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fd\u0161e. Zde samoz\u0159ejm\u011b vstupuj\u00ed do hry chyby samotn\u00e9 infrastruktury.     <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P\u0159epln\u011bnost tak\u00e9 vy\u017eaduje, aby \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti investovaly do v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu vlak\u016f, aby se p\u0159izp\u016fsobily pot\u0159eb\u00e1m, mo\u017en\u00e1 na rozd\u00edl od investic do \u00fadr\u017eby st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch vlak\u016f a trat\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se od \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f v Evrop\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee se budou roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm sna\u017eit nejen uspokojit rostouc\u00ed po\u010det z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 zajistit, aby to, co ji\u017e existuje, bylo v dobr\u00e9m stavu. Na prvn\u00ed pohled d\u00e1vaj\u00ed investice do v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 kapacity v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed smysl pro podnik, kter\u00fd se chce jevit jako dostupn\u00fd pro rostouc\u00ed po\u010det lid\u00ed (mo\u017en\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na pokud se jedn\u00e1 o zcela soukromou spole\u010dnost, jako jsou britsk\u00e9 \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti). Existuje tedy kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 tr\u017en\u00ed logika, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee vysv\u011btlit celkov\u00fd pokles \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edch slu\u017eeb.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Evropsk\u00e1 samolibost<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ve velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Evropy byly v po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch t\u00e9to technologie realizov\u00e1ny ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed projekty. V jist\u00e9m smyslu jezd\u00ed mnoho britsk\u00fdch vlak\u016f po kolej\u00edch, kter\u00e9 byly poprv\u00e9 polo\u017eeny ve viktori\u00e1nsk\u00e9 \u00e9\u0159e. Stejn\u00fd probl\u00e9m se objevuje ve Francii, N\u011bmecku a \u0160v\u00e9dsku, kde se uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee na n\u011bkter\u00fdch trat\u00edch chyb\u00ed \u00fadr\u017eba ji\u017e mnoho desetilet\u00ed. Je jak\u00fdmsi p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm z\u00e1konem, \u017ee p\u0159edch\u016fdci n\u011bjak\u00e9 technologie nebo zp\u016fsobu my\u0161len\u00ed maj\u00ed tendenci usnout na vav\u0159\u00ednech, proto\u017ee zbytek sv\u011bta je doh\u00e1n\u00ed, aby se pak probudili p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 pozd\u011b a uv\u011bdomili si, \u017ee byli zast\u00edn\u011bni. Stejn\u00e1 analogie byla pou\u017eita k popisu ztr\u00e1ty postaven\u00ed Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nie jako evropsk\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 velmoci ve prosp\u011bch N\u011bmecka na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed a lze ji aplikovat na obecnou ztr\u00e1tu evropsk\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 zdatnosti ve prosp\u011bch Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v pr\u016fb\u011bhu stolet\u00ed.    <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chyby evropsk\u00fdch \u017eeleznic jsou \u010dasto zveli\u010dov\u00e1ny ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s v\u00fdchodoasijsk\u00fdmi vlakov\u00fdmi syst\u00e9my. V roce 2010 a v dal\u0161\u00edch letech stoj\u00ed Evropa ve st\u00ednu masivn\u00edho roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed vysokorychlostn\u00ed \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed dopravy v \u010c\u00edn\u011b, kter\u00e1 je v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm rysem \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 propagandy n\u00edzk\u00e9 intenzity proti Z\u00e1padu. P\u0159ed \u010c\u00ednou to bylo Japonsko, kter\u00e9mu se z\u00e1vid\u011bly pozoruhodn\u011b p\u0159esn\u00e9 a spo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00e9 vlaky.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Japonsko, a\u010dkoli je v mnoha ohledech pozdn\u00edm industrializ\u00e1torem, m\u00e1 za sebou t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stejn\u011b dlouhou historii \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed dopravy jako z\u00e1padn\u00ed Evropa. Jeho trajektorie st\u00e1rnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jak ono, tak Evropa, se v\u0161ak li\u0161\u00ed, co\u017e prozrazuje i zb\u011b\u017en\u00fd pohled na dochvilnost jeho vlak\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed vysokorychlostn\u00edho &#8222;kulov\u00e9ho vlaku&#8220; \u0160inkansen na trati Tokaido \u010dinilo v roce 2023 podle v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy jeho provozovatele n\u011bco m\u00e1lo p\u0159es jednu minutu.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A\u010dkoli existuj\u00ed geografick\u00e9 a ekonomick\u00e9 faktory &#8211; nemluv\u011b o kulturn\u00edch &#8211; kter\u00e9 nepochybn\u011b vyv\u00edjej\u00ed velk\u00fd tlak na japonsk\u00e9 \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed provozovatele, aby dosahovali dobr\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f, v rovnici chyb\u00ed n\u011bco z\u00e1sadn\u00edho: Na rozd\u00edl od z\u00e1padn\u00ed Evropy se v Japonsku sni\u017euje po\u010det obyvatel. To znamen\u00e1, jak ji\u017e bylo uvedeno, \u017ee investice lze sn\u00e1ze zam\u011b\u0159it na \u00fadr\u017ebu ne\u017e na roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. To m\u016f\u017ee vysv\u011btlovat v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st rozd\u00edlu, ne\u017e se v evropsk\u00e9 \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed debat\u011b b\u011b\u017en\u011b p\u0159ipou\u0161t\u00ed. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee japonsk\u00e1 infrastruktura slou\u017e\u00ed pomaleji se rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00edmu obyvatelstvu, j\u00ed d\u00e1v\u00e1 ur\u010ditou volnost proti nevyhnuteln\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edlivu &#8222;samolibosti v\u010dasn\u00fdch u\u017eivatel\u016f&#8220;, kter\u00e1 v jin\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch v Japonsku nechyb\u00ed.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u010c\u00edna m\u00e1 na druhou stranu v\u00fdhodu, \u017ee je st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed se ekonomikou (i kdy\u017e n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed by to zpochyb\u0148ovali), kter\u00e1 tou\u017e\u00ed zav\u00e1d\u011bt technologie, je\u017e jin\u00ed vynalezli d\u00e1vno p\u0159ed n\u00ed. A to nejen proto, aby se rozv\u00edjela ekonomicky, ale tak\u00e9 v honb\u011b za mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm postaven\u00edm. Z u\u017eite\u010dnosti i presti\u017ee je \u010c\u00edna ob\u0159\u00edm investorem do dom\u00e1c\u00ed vysokorychlostn\u00ed \u017eeleznice, kter\u00e1 v\u00edcem\u00e9n\u011b zahanbuje evropsk\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. V d\u016fsledku toho se v evropsk\u00e9 politice nez\u0159\u00eddka objevuj\u00ed v\u00fdzvy k zah\u00e1jen\u00ed &#8222;z\u00e1vod\u016f ve zbrojen\u00ed&#8220; vysokorychlostn\u00edch vlak\u016f s \u010c\u00ednou.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Jak se Evropa znovu rozjede?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee je spravedliv\u00e9 zhodnotit, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Evropy pova\u017eovaly \u017eeleznici za samoz\u0159ejmost p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouho. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee uspokojov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b politicky vykonstruovan\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad uspokojen\u00ed neust\u00e1le rostouc\u00edho po\u010dtu obyvatel, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou st\u00e1le v\u00edce z\u00e1visl\u00ed na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 doprav\u011b, m\u00e1 p\u0159ednost p\u0159ed dlouhodobou udr\u017eitelnost\u00ed \u017eeleznice.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O to riskantn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je pro Evropu nechat se zl\u00e1kat do technologick\u00fdch z\u00e1vod\u016f ve zbrojen\u00ed s \u010c\u00ednou. Pokus o technologick\u00fd skok, kter\u00fd je v\u017edy nad\u0161en\u011b podporov\u00e1n &#8222;zelenou&#8220; stranou politiky, se m\u016f\u017ee zvrtnout v katastrofu pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed zdroji, proto\u017ee se ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed probl\u00e9my st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed infrastruktury. \u017deleznice, kter\u00e1 nese evropsk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl na sv\u00fdch z\u00e1dech ji\u017e 150 let, si pot\u0159ebuje odpo\u010dinout od neust\u00e1l\u00e9ho tlaku, kter\u00fd na ni kladou pokrokov\u00ed politici.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tento probl\u00e9m v\u0161ak nelze vy\u0159e\u0161it pouze nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00edm rozpo\u010dtu na \u00fadr\u017ebu. Jak Evropa ch\u00e1pala po v\u011bt\u0161inu 20. stolet\u00ed (a jak mo\u017en\u00e1 \u010c\u00edna a Japonsko ch\u00e1pou dodnes), stav st\u00e1tu nen\u00ed nikdy lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e stav jeho \u017eeleznic. Evropa mus\u00ed tak\u00e9 pracovat na obnov\u011b nemateri\u00e1ln\u00edch hodnot, kter\u00e9 kdysi pom\u00e1haly u\u010dinit jej\u00ed spole\u010dnosti spolu s jej\u00edmi vlaky nejl\u00e9pe funguj\u00edc\u00edmi na sv\u011bt\u011b.  <\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Evropsk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh posledn\u00ed doby je bohu\u017eel p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem \u00fapadku. O nedostate\u010dn\u00e9m hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m v\u00fdkonu, o prohran\u00fdch bitv\u00e1ch s konkurenty, o ztr\u00e1t\u011b jistoty sv\u00fdch ob\u010dan\u016f a o sv\u00fdch vyhl\u00eddk\u00e1ch do budoucna. Jednou ze symbolicky d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch oblast\u00ed, kde se to odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, je \u00fapadek \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed dopravy na cel\u00e9m kontinentu. \u017deleznice je symbolicky d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 z n\u011bkolika d\u016fvod\u016f. Historicky byla projevem technologick\u00e9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":66,"featured_media":40454,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[150,230],"tags":[862],"editorial-positions":[],"regions":[364],"types":[449],"class_list":["post-40654","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-obchod-a-ekonomika","category-zivotni-prostredi","tag-transportation","regions-western-europe-cs","types-opinion-cs"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u00dapadek kdysi hrd\u00fdch evropsk\u00fdch \u017eeleznic - The Conservative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/upadek-kdysi-hrdych-evropskych-zeleznic\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00dapadek kdysi hrd\u00fdch evropsk\u00fdch \u017eeleznic - The Conservative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Evropsk\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh posledn\u00ed doby je bohu\u017eel p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem \u00fapadku. 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