{"id":41046,"date":"2025-03-27T17:10:38","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T17:10:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/svedove-miluji-tabak-vic-nez-eu"},"modified":"2025-03-27T17:10:38","modified_gmt":"2025-03-27T17:10:38","slug":"svedove-miluji-tabak-vic-nez-eu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/svedove-miluji-tabak-vic-nez-eu","title":{"rendered":"\u0160v\u00e9dov\u00e9 miluj\u00ed tab\u00e1k v\u00edc ne\u017e EU"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0160v\u00e9dsko je zem\u00ed s pom\u011brn\u011b bezprobl\u00e9movou spoluprac\u00ed a spole\u010dn\u00fdm porozum\u011bn\u00edm s EU. \u0160v\u00e9dov\u00e9 jsou obecn\u011b spokojeni s v\u00fdhodami \u010dlenstv\u00ed a jeho negativn\u00ed dopady jsou \u010dasto vn\u00edm\u00e1ny ve sv\u011btle p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ekonomick\u00fdch v\u00fdhod. <\/span><\/p>\n

Existuje v\u0161ak jedno t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 se pravideln\u011b vyno\u0159uje a vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnou diskusi o pozitivech \u010dlenstv\u00ed v EU. Je to ot\u00e1zka prodeje a spot\u0159eby potravin. <\/span>snus<\/span><\/i>, co\u017e je pasta nebo s\u00e1\u010dek na b\u00e1zi tab\u00e1ku, kter\u00fd se vkl\u00e1d\u00e1 mezi horn\u00ed ret a d\u00e1sn\u011b u\u017eivatele a kter\u00fd se ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku t\u011b\u0161\u00ed velk\u00e9 oblib\u011b a je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed tamn\u00ed kulturn\u00ed tradice. Tento v\u00fdrobek, jeho\u017e existuje mnoho druh\u016f, se stal ter\u010dem z\u00e1jmu org\u00e1n\u016f EU je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se \u0160v\u00e9dsko stalo v roce 1995 \u010dlenem EU. <\/span><\/p>\n

Posledn\u00ed pokus o oslaben\u00ed tab\u00e1ku snus byl odhalen v b\u0159eznu 2025, kdy unikly dokumenty Evropsk\u00e9 komise t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se zdan\u011bn\u00ed a regulace tab\u00e1kov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f. Pokud budou schv\u00e1leny, u n\u011bkter\u00fdch typ\u016f tab\u00e1ku snus a podobn\u00fdch, v\u00fdhradn\u011b \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00fdch, v\u00fdrobk\u016f se jejich cena v maloobchod\u011b fakticky zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed o 60 %, proto\u017ee sazba spot\u0159ebn\u00ed dan\u011b se zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed o 500 %. <\/span><\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed to poprv\u00e9, co se org\u00e1ny EU pokou\u0161ej\u00ed postihnout \u0161\u0148upac\u00ed tab\u00e1k a jeho deriv\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 zd\u00e1nliv\u011b neexistuj\u00ed. V roce 2022 byly odhaleny podobn\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny na zm\u011bnu da\u0148ov\u00fdch sm\u011brnic EU, kter\u00e9 by vedly k t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00e9mu zdra\u017een\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00edho \u0161\u0148upac\u00edho tab\u00e1ku. Opakovan\u00e9 pokusy zam\u011b\u0159it se na tab\u00e1k snus prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho zdan\u011bn\u00ed vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku \u0161irokou debatu p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm od roku 2012, kdy byla p\u0159epracov\u00e1na tab\u00e1kov\u00e1 sm\u011brnice EU – podle z\u00e1jm\u016f zast\u00e1nc\u016f tab\u00e1ku siln\u011b pod vlivem ideologick\u00e9ho plo\u0161n\u00e9ho odporu v\u016f\u010di tab\u00e1kov\u00fdm v\u00fdrobk\u016fm. <\/span><\/p>\n

Konflikt kolem tab\u00e1ku se toti\u017e soust\u0159edil p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na dopady tab\u00e1kov\u00e9 kultury na ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed. A\u010dkoli je snus (alespo\u0148 ve sv\u00e9 tradi\u010dn\u00ed podob\u011b) tab\u00e1kov\u00fdm v\u00fdrobkem, jeho obh\u00e1jci ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku a lobbist\u00e9 v Bruselu vyzdvihuj\u00ed jeho v\u00fdhody p\u0159i z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1visl\u00fdch osob, aby se zdr\u017eely kou\u0159en\u00ed – co\u017e je podstatn\u011b smrteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed forma konzumace tab\u00e1ku. V\u00fdsledkem je, \u017ee snus m\u00e1 nejen sv\u00e9 obh\u00e1jce, ale dokonce i zast\u00e1nce, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed zpochybnit domn\u011bnky o tomto v\u00fdrobku mimo \u0160v\u00e9dsko a uv\u00e9st jej na evropsk\u00fd trh ve prosp\u011bch v\u0161ech evropsk\u00fdch z\u00e1visl\u00fdch na nikotinu. <\/span><\/p>\n

Tab\u00e1k a EU<\/b><\/p>\n

Ji\u017e na po\u010d\u00e1tku 90. let, kdy bylo \u0160v\u00e9dsko budouc\u00edm \u010dlenem EU, byla spot\u0159eba \u0161\u0148upac\u00edho tab\u00e1ku zkoum\u00e1na Evropskou komis\u00ed. Jedn\u00edm z podn\u011bt\u016f k tomu bylo uveden\u00ed americk\u00e9 zna\u010dky v\u00fdrobku podobn\u00e9ho \u0161\u0148upac\u00edmu tab\u00e1ku na evropsk\u00fd trh, a to pod n\u00e1zvem <\/span>Skoal<\/span><\/i>. To v kombinaci s rozd\u00edlem mezi \u0161v\u00e9dskou a kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed tab\u00e1kovou kulturou vyvolalo \u0159adu obav, \u017ee se \u0161\u0148upac\u00ed tab\u00e1k na evropsk\u00fdch trz\u00edch uchyt\u00ed, co\u017e by mohlo naru\u0161it dlouhodob\u00e9 ambice \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v oblasti ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed. <\/span><\/p>\n

V roce 1992 byl tab\u00e1k zak\u00e1z\u00e1n na jednotn\u00e9m trhu, ale kdy\u017e se \u0160v\u00e9dsko v roce 1995 stalo platn\u00fdm \u010dlenem EU, byla mu povolena v\u00fdjimka ze z\u00e1kazu vzhledem ke kulturn\u00edmu v\u00fdznamu a velk\u00e9 oblib\u011b tab\u00e1ku v zemi. Tato v\u00fdjimka je dnes zakotvena ve smlouv\u011b o \u010dlenstv\u00ed \u0160v\u00e9dska v EU a Komise ji m\u016f\u017ee jen t\u011b\u017eko zpochybnit. To v\u0161ak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee by Komise tab\u00e1k snus nepodkop\u00e1vala jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. <\/span><\/p>\n

Zdrav\u00e1 kultura v ohro\u017een\u00ed?<\/b><\/p>\n

Pr\u016fmysl \u0161\u0148upac\u00edho tab\u00e1ku propaguje sv\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky z hlediska ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed s odkazem na z\u00e1sadu „harm reduction“, tedy \u017ee spot\u0159ebitel\u016fm nab\u00edz\u00ed n\u00e1hradu cigaret s men\u0161\u00edmi negativn\u00edmi \u00fa\u010dinky na zdrav\u00ed. Konven\u010dn\u011b by abstinence od kou\u0159en\u00ed znamenala snad \u00faplnou abstinenci od v\u0161ech forem tab\u00e1ku a nikotinu (s v\u00fdjimkou \u0159ady dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b terapeutick\u00fdch alternativ, jako jsou nikotinov\u00e9 n\u00e1plasti). Snus m\u00edsto toho umo\u017e\u0148uje spot\u0159ebiteli dostat nikotin, ani\u017e by riskoval vznik rakoviny plic a dal\u0161\u00edch d\u00fdchac\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 s sebou kou\u0159en\u00ed nese. <\/span><\/p>\n

Snus m\u00e1 velkou z\u00e1sluhu na tom, \u017ee se kou\u0159en\u00ed ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku stalo v\u00edcem\u00e9n\u011b okrajov\u00fdm jevem. Podle mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch statistik se za pravideln\u00e9 ku\u0159\u00e1ky pova\u017euje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b p\u011bt procent obyvatel, co\u017e je jedno z nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00edsel na sv\u011bt\u011b. Proto je tak\u00e9 v\u00fdskyt nemoc\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s kou\u0159en\u00edm ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s podobn\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi velmi n\u00edzk\u00fd. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky jsou v\u0161ak spojeny s ur\u010dit\u00fdm typem \u0161\u0148upac\u00edho tab\u00e1ku a pr\u00e1v\u011b tento typ je ze strany EU nejv\u00edce napad\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tradi\u010dn\u00ed snus je \u010dern\u00e1 nebo hn\u011bd\u00e1 pasta z tab\u00e1ku. Od poloviny roku 2010 se na trhu prosadil „b\u00edl\u00fd“ deriv\u00e1t, kter\u00fd se nevyr\u00e1b\u00ed z tab\u00e1ku (ale st\u00e1le obsahuje nikotin) a v ur\u010dit\u00fdch skupin\u00e1ch obyvatelstva se stal b\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm ne\u017e tradi\u010dn\u00ed snus. <\/span><\/p>\n

O „b\u00edl\u00e9m“ \u0161\u0148upac\u00edm tab\u00e1ku, p\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno o nikotinov\u00fdch s\u00e1\u010dc\u00edch, se negativn\u011b psalo kv\u016fli r\u016fzn\u00fdm rizik\u016fm spojen\u00fdm s jejich obsahem a n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed zuba\u0159i tvrdili, \u017ee „b\u00edl\u00fd“ \u0161\u0148upac\u00ed tab\u00e1k m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pro b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 u\u017eivatele ve skute\u010dnosti nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e cigarety. Znepokojen\u00ed vyvolala tak\u00e9 n\u011bkdy radik\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edchu\u0165 b\u00edl\u00fdch s\u00e1\u010dk\u016f, kter\u00e9 v\u011bdci p\u0159ipisuj\u00ed vznik alergi\u00ed v \u00fastn\u00ed dutin\u011b. Jeliko\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o relativn\u011b nov\u00fd v\u00fdrobek, nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee existuj\u00ed nejasnosti ohledn\u011b dlouhodob\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f b\u00edl\u00e9ho \u0161\u0148upac\u00edho tab\u00e1ku, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba rozumn\u011b \u0159e\u0161it. <\/span><\/p>\n

Nep\u0159ekvapiv\u011b se v\u0161ak v roce 2023 uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee EU sm\u011b\u0159uje k \u00fapln\u00e9mu z\u00e1kazu nikotinov\u00fdch s\u00e1\u010dk\u016f na vnit\u0159n\u00edm trhu, podobn\u011b jako tomu bylo v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b tradi\u010dn\u00edho „\u010dern\u00e9ho“ \u0161\u0148upac\u00edho tab\u00e1ku v roce 1992. Z\u00e1kaz „b\u00edl\u00e9ho“ \u0161\u0148upac\u00edho tab\u00e1ku by se v\u0161ak t\u00fdkal i \u0160v\u00e9dska, proto\u017ee nov\u00e9 nikotinov\u00e9 s\u00e1\u010dky nejsou chr\u00e1n\u011bny \u0161v\u00e9dskou smlouvou o \u010dlenstv\u00ed v EU, varuj\u00ed z\u00e1jmov\u00e9 skupiny a politick\u00e9 strany ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku. <\/span><\/p>\n

Uprost\u0159ed t\u00e9to debaty v\u0161ak EU tak\u00e9 podnik\u00e1 plnou ofenz\u00edvu proti tradi\u010dn\u00edmu \u0161\u0148upac\u00edmu tab\u00e1ku, kter\u00fd nebyl ve zdravotn\u00edch studi\u00edch posti\u017een v takov\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e. Zde se projevuje kulturn\u00ed zaujatost proti tab\u00e1ku. <\/span><\/p>\n

Snus sjednocuje levici a pravici<\/b><\/p>\n

Navzdory pokroku, kter\u00e9ho \u0160v\u00e9dsko dos\u00e1hlo p\u0159i sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010dtu \u00famrt\u00ed na rakovinu plic a nemoci d\u00fdchac\u00edho \u00fastroj\u00ed, jim\u017e lze p\u0159edch\u00e1zet, byrokratick\u00e1 ma\u0161in\u00e9rie EU tyto v\u00fdhody nevid\u00ed. Vid\u00ed pouze podivn\u00e9 a ciz\u00ed praktiky, proti kter\u00fdm mus\u00ed bojovat a kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed rozdrtit pod koly st\u00e1le t\u011bsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed integrace. <\/span><\/p>\n

To m\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed rozm\u011br vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee \u0161\u0148upac\u00ed tab\u00e1k je obecn\u011b, ale ne v\u00fdhradn\u011b, kulturn\u00edm zvykem „modr\u00fdch l\u00edme\u010dk\u016f“ \u0160v\u00e9d\u016f. V debat\u011b o ohro\u017een\u00ed tradice \u0161\u0148upac\u00edho tab\u00e1ku ze strany EU je tento probl\u00e9m n\u011bkdy vykreslov\u00e1n jako konflikt mezi internacionalistickou st\u0159edn\u00ed a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddou a vlasteneckou d\u011blnickou t\u0159\u00eddou. Tento typ r\u00e9toriky se objevil ji\u017e v referendu o EU v roce 1994, kdy euroskeptick\u00fd t\u00e1bor tla\u010dil na riziko z\u00e1kazu nebo regulace tab\u00e1ku snus ze strany EU. <\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00edky sv\u00e9 v\u00e1ze se toto t\u00e9ma stalo nejen sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed euroskeptick\u00e9 a nacionalistick\u00e9 politiky, ale dokonce i levicov\u00fdch a k EU pozitivn\u011b nalad\u011bn\u00fdch stran, jako jsou soci\u00e1ln\u00ed demokrat\u00e9. B\u011b\u017en\u011b se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee kdy\u017e je nastolena ot\u00e1zka budoucnosti snusu, jsou v\u0161echna hlavn\u00ed politick\u00e1 hnut\u00ed ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku p\u0159ipravena ozna\u010dit sv\u016fj kritick\u00fd postoj. Zda tato kritika p\u0159ejde od pouh\u00fdch slov k \u010din\u016fm, je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b jin\u00e1 v\u011bc, ale p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm navenek se \u0161v\u00e9dsk\u00fd politick\u00fd establishment sna\u017e\u00ed zajistit, aby si \u0160v\u00e9dov\u00e9 mohli sv\u016fj \u0161\u0148upac\u00ed tab\u00e1k ponechat. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ot\u00e1zka \u0161\u0148upac\u00edho tab\u00e1ku v podstat\u011b ukazuje, \u017ee i v „dob\u0159e se chovaj\u00edc\u00ed“ zemi, jako je \u0160v\u00e9dsko, existuje n\u011bkdy v\u016fle vzdorovat autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm tendenc\u00edm Evropsk\u00e9 unie, a to nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d politick\u00fdm spektrem – jen je t\u0159eba naj\u00edt spole\u010dn\u00fd bod, kolem n\u011bho\u017e by se dalo sjednotit. Pro mnoho \u0160v\u00e9d\u016f nen\u00ed \u0161\u0148up\u00e1n\u00ed tab\u00e1ku jen zdravotn\u00edm p\u0159\u00ednosem ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s kou\u0159en\u00edm, je to tak\u00e9 jejich jedine\u010dn\u00fd zp\u016fsob \u017eivota a zp\u016fsob, jak udr\u017eovat kulturn\u00ed kontinuitu se sv\u00fdmi rodi\u010di, prarodi\u010di a praprarodi\u010di. Ukazuje se, \u017ee t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed zru\u0161it n\u00e1rodn\u00ed instituce a tradice, je n\u011bkdy nejlep\u0161\u00ed \u010delit v\u00e1\u0161n\u00ed, na rozd\u00edl od racion\u00e1ln\u00edch argument\u016f. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0160v\u00e9dsko je zem\u00ed s pom\u011brn\u011b bezprobl\u00e9movou spoluprac\u00ed a spole\u010dn\u00fdm porozum\u011bn\u00edm s EU. \u0160v\u00e9dov\u00e9 jsou obecn\u011b spokojeni s v\u00fdhodami \u010dlenstv\u00ed a jeho negativn\u00ed dopady jsou \u010dasto vn\u00edm\u00e1ny ve sv\u011btle p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ekonomick\u00fdch v\u00fdhod. Existuje v\u0161ak jedno t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 se pravideln\u011b vyno\u0159uje a vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnou diskusi o pozitivech \u010dlenstv\u00ed v EU. Je to ot\u00e1zka prodeje a spot\u0159eby potravin. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":66,"featured_media":41002,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[199],"tags":[2175],"editorial-positions":[],"regions":[344],"types":[449],"class_list":["post-41046","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zdravi","tag-snus","regions-northern-europe-cs","types-opinion-cs"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0160v\u00e9dov\u00e9 miluj\u00ed tab\u00e1k v\u00edc ne\u017e EU - The Conservative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/svedove-miluji-tabak-vic-nez-eu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0160v\u00e9dov\u00e9 miluj\u00ed tab\u00e1k v\u00edc ne\u017e EU - The Conservative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0160v\u00e9dsko je zem\u00ed s pom\u011brn\u011b bezprobl\u00e9movou spoluprac\u00ed a spole\u010dn\u00fdm porozum\u011bn\u00edm s EU. \u0160v\u00e9dov\u00e9 jsou obecn\u011b spokojeni s v\u00fdhodami \u010dlenstv\u00ed a jeho negativn\u00ed dopady jsou \u010dasto vn\u00edm\u00e1ny ve sv\u011btle p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ekonomick\u00fdch v\u00fdhod. Existuje v\u0161ak jedno t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 se pravideln\u011b vyno\u0159uje a vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ve\u0159ejnou diskusi o pozitivech \u010dlenstv\u00ed v EU. Je to ot\u00e1zka prodeje a spot\u0159eby potravin. 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