Je dob\u0159e zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee na \u00farovni Evropsk\u00e9 unie byly normy kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed stanoveny ve dvou z\u00e1kladn\u00edch sm\u011brnic\u00edch: Sm\u011brnice 2008\/50\/ES a sm\u011brnice 2004\/107\/ES. Tyto dv\u011b sm\u011brnice stanov\u00ed nejen mezn\u00ed hodnoty pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky, ale tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e1 pravidla, jak mus\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty monitorovat vzduch, kter\u00fd obyvatel\u00e9 d\u00fdchaj\u00ed. Tyto sm\u011brnice vy\u017eaduj\u00ed, aby ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlensk\u00fd st\u00e1t EU instaloval dostate\u010dn\u00fd po\u010det strategicky rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch monitorovac\u00edch stanic, kter\u00e9 budou p\u0159esn\u011b odr\u00e1\u017eet skute\u010dnou \u00farove\u0148 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, aby zajistil kvalitu, p\u0159esnost a kontinuitu shroma\u017e\u010fovan\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f a aby v\u0161echny tyto \u00fadaje pravideln\u011b hl\u00e1sil Evropsk\u00e9 komisi ve standardizovan\u00fdch form\u00e1tech. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed povinnosti pat\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ijet\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee \u00farove\u0148 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed z\u00e1konn\u00e9 limity. Deklarovan\u00fdm c\u00edlem t\u011bchto na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je tedy zajistit, aby evrop\u0161t\u00ed ob\u010dan\u00e9 m\u011bli p\u0159\u00edstup k co nej\u010dist\u0161\u00edmu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed bez zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek a aby vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed org\u00e1ny m\u011bly k dispozici komplexn\u00ed informace, aby mohly v rizikov\u00fdch situac\u00edch rychle zas\u00e1hnout. <\/p>
- Evropsk\u00e1 strategie spole\u010dnosti Chery: Vyu\u017eit\u00ed alianc\u00ed k roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edho prostoru<\/li><\/a>
- EU spou\u0161t\u00ed \u00fapln\u00fd syst\u00e9m vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu: Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed revize hrani\u010dn\u00edch kontrol<\/li><\/a>
- It\u00e1lie p\u0159ekonala c\u00edl EU v oblasti p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9ho ukon\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky o p\u011bt let d\u0159\u00edve<\/li><\/a><\/ul><\/div>\n
V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Rumunska zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 komise pouk\u00e1zala na ne\u00faplnou a nespolehlivou monitorovac\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165. Ve sv\u00e9m rozhodnut\u00ed z 11. prosince 2025 Evropsk\u00e1 komise uvedla, \u017ee Rumunsko nezaji\u0161\u0165uje odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. P\u0159esto\u017ee rumunsk\u00e9 org\u00e1ny zah\u00e1jily n\u011bkter\u00e9 moderniza\u010dn\u00ed projekty, hodnocen\u00ed Bruselu poukazuje na v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 nedostatky v n\u00e1rodn\u00ed s\u00edti m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Komise rovn\u011b\u017e zm\u00ednila hlavn\u00ed probl\u00e9my v Rumunsku. Z pohledu EK je po\u010det monitorovac\u00edch stanic v n\u011bkolika regionech zem\u011b nedostate\u010dn\u00fd a um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edst odb\u011bru vzork\u016f neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 technick\u00fdm krit\u00e9ri\u00edm stanoven\u00fdm EU. Krom\u011b toho podle n\u00e1zoru EK shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 \u00fadaje nespl\u0148uj\u00ed standardy kvality, co\u017e ovliv\u0148uje p\u0159esnost zpr\u00e1v i d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost v\u00fdsledk\u016f. Dal\u0161\u00edm negativn\u00edm aspektem, na kter\u00fd EK upozornila, je ne\u00fapln\u00e9 monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek, jako jsou PM10, PM2,5, oxid si\u0159i\u010dit\u00fd, oxidy dus\u00edku, t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 kovy a benzo(a)pyren. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee tyto p\u0159esn\u00e9 informace chyb\u00ed, nem\u016f\u017ee Rumunsko podle n\u00e1zoru Komise realisticky posoudit rizika pro ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed a nep\u0159\u00edmo jsou ovlivn\u011bny ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 politiky v oblasti sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. <\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/Grundlag-scaled.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u0158\u00edzen\u00ed proti Rumunsku nep\u0159i\u0161lo z\u010distajasna, ale bylo ve skute\u010dnosti v\u00fdsledkem dlouh\u00e9ho seznamu nespln\u011bn\u00fdch slib\u016f. Ji\u017e v roce 2017 zaslala Evropsk\u00e1 komise prvn\u00ed v\u00fdzvu, po n\u00ed\u017e n\u00e1sledovalo nov\u00e9 varov\u00e1n\u00ed v roce 2019 a od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00e9 stanovisko v roce 2023. Po celou tuto dobu vl\u00e1dy v Bukure\u0161ti slibovaly modernizaci n\u00e1rodn\u00ed monitorovac\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, ale realizace se zpozdila nebo z\u016fstala \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b dokon\u010dena. Sou\u010dasn\u011b bylo v minulosti s n\u011bkolika rumunsk\u00fdmi m\u011bsty – v\u010detn\u011b Bukure\u0161ti, Klu\u017ee-Napoky, Teme\u0161v\u00e1ru, Bra\u0219ova a Ia\u0219i – zah\u00e1jeno \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f kv\u016fli opakovan\u00e9mu p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed limit\u016f emis\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stic. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech ji\u017e bylo Rumunsko odsouzeno Soudn\u00edm dvorem EU za trval\u00e9 p\u0159ekra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed hodnot PM10. Nov\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 Komise ozn\u00e1mila, se net\u00fdk\u00e1 p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed, ale neschopnosti Rumunska spr\u00e1vn\u011b m\u011b\u0159it a vykazovat \u00fadaje. V praxi Brusel obvi\u0148uje Rumunsko z toho, \u017ee neposkytuje ani minim\u00e1ln\u00ed informace nezbytn\u00e9 k ofici\u00e1ln\u00edmu posouzen\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9ho stavu zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Druh\u00fdm postupem, za kter\u00fd Rumunsku hroz\u00ed sankce, je nepln\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1vazk\u016f ke sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed. Krom\u011b postoupen\u00ed v\u011bci Soudn\u00edmu dvoru EU ohledn\u011b monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed tak Evropsk\u00e1 komise zah\u00e1jila dal\u0161\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed proti Rumunsku a zaslala mu nov\u00e9 od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00e9 stanovisko kv\u016fli nepln\u011bn\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f v oblasti sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed jemn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic PM2,5 . Tato povinnost je stanovena ve sm\u011brnici 2016\/2284, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako sm\u011brnice NEC (n\u00e1rodn\u00ed emisn\u00ed stropy). Pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed neznaj\u00ed tyto pojmy, sm\u011brnice NEC vy\u017eaduje, aby ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlensk\u00fd st\u00e1t EU omezil emise zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek, jako je amoniak, oxidy dus\u00edku, t\u011bkav\u00e9 organick\u00e9 slou\u010deniny nebo jemn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice; aby vypracoval n\u00e1rodn\u00ed program omezov\u00e1n\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed popisuj\u00edc\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed a aby tento program pravideln\u011b aktualizoval a zohled\u0148oval technologick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj a nov\u00e9 environment\u00e1ln\u00ed politiky. P\u0159esto\u017ee Rumunsko p\u0159ijalo sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed program PNCPA a\u017e v roce 2023, Komise se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee tento dokument neobsahuje dostate\u010dn\u00e1 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by zajistila sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed v souladu s p\u0159ijat\u00fdmi z\u00e1vazky. Z n\u00e1rodn\u00edch inventur p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00fdch Rumunskem pro obdob\u00ed 2022-2025 nav\u00edc vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee zem\u011b nad\u00e1le p\u0159ekra\u010duje limity pro PM2,5, co\u017e je zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tka spojen\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na se silni\u010dn\u00ed dopravou, vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00edm dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed a n\u011bkter\u00fdmi pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdmi procesy. <\/p>\n
Jak\u00e1 rizika hroz\u00ed Rumunsku, pokud v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch nep\u0159ijme opat\u0159en\u00ed?<\/strong><\/h3>\n
Po zasl\u00e1n\u00ed od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00e9ho stanoviska bude m\u00edt Rumunsko dva m\u011bs\u00edce na to, aby odpov\u011bd\u011blo a p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dilo Komisi, \u017ee prov\u00e1d\u00ed nezbytn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed. Pokud tak neu\u010din\u00ed, bude dal\u0161\u00edm krokem postoupen\u00ed v\u011bci Soudn\u00edmu dvoru EU, kde rizika pro rumunsk\u00fd st\u00e1t zahrnuj\u00ed pau\u0161\u00e1ln\u00ed pokuty ulo\u017een\u00e9 p\u0159i vynesen\u00ed rozsudku spolu s denn\u00edmi pokutami a\u017e do dosa\u017een\u00ed souladu. Dal\u0161\u00edm rizikem je mo\u017en\u00e9 zhor\u0161en\u00ed institucion\u00e1ln\u00edch vztah\u016f s Bruselem v oblasti politiky \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, co\u017e by ovlivnilo d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost Rumunska p\u0159i budouc\u00edch jedn\u00e1n\u00edch o ekologick\u00e9m p\u0159echodu. Vzhledem k precedent\u016fm vytvo\u0159en\u00fdm jin\u00fdmi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty a v z\u00e1vislosti na z\u00e1va\u017enosti nedodr\u017een\u00ed p\u0159edpis\u016f by finan\u010dn\u00ed sankce, kter\u00e9 Rumunsku hroz\u00ed, mohly dos\u00e1hnout des\u00edtek milion\u016f eur. <\/p>\n
Za v\u0161emi t\u011bmito soudn\u00edmi \u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed skute\u010dnost: zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed je jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zdravotn\u00edch rizikov\u00fdch faktor\u016f v Evrop\u011b. Evropsk\u00e1 agentura pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed odhaduje, \u017ee v d\u016fsledku expozice jemn\u00fdm prachov\u00fdm \u010d\u00e1stic\u00edm, oxidu dusi\u010dit\u00e9mu a troposf\u00e9rick\u00e9mu ozonu v Rumunsku ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b um\u00edraj\u00ed des\u00edtky tis\u00edc lid\u00ed. Vliv expozice jemn\u00fdm \u010d\u00e1stic\u00edm na obyvatelstvo vede ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdskytu respira\u010dn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, zhor\u0161en\u00ed kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edch stav\u016f, zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 d\u00e9lky \u017eivota ve vysoce zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9m m\u011bstsk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed a zhor\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdvoje d\u011bt\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na v ran\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch \u017eivota. Z pohledu Evropsk\u00e9 komise proto nen\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e9 monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed pouze byrokratickou povinnost\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu, ale z\u00e1sadn\u00edm n\u00e1strojem ochrany ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed. <\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/factory-613319_1920.jpg\")
<\/p>\nOt\u00e1zka, kterou si klademe, zn\u00ed: Pro\u010d Rumunsko ot\u00e1l\u00ed s pln\u011bn\u00edm sv\u00fdch z\u00e1vazk\u016f? Odpov\u011b\u010f je velmi jednoduch\u00e1. St\u00e1tn\u00ed instituce maj\u00ed velk\u00e9 administrativn\u00ed a finan\u010dn\u00ed probl\u00e9my (Rumunsko m\u00e1 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed deficit v EU a nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed inflaci) a v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b i politick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my (soci\u00e1ln\u00ed demokrat\u00e9 ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd den vyhro\u017euj\u00ed, \u017ee odejdou z vl\u00e1dy). Odborn\u00edci, s nimi\u017e jsme se v posledn\u00edch letech radili, poukazovali na n\u011bkolik d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d Rumunsko sv\u00e9 z\u00e1vazky nepln\u00ed. Jedn\u00edm z d\u016fvod\u016f je, \u017ee monitorovac\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165 je dlouhodob\u011b podfinancovan\u00e1, m\u00e1 zastaral\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed a meziinstitucion\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je rozt\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 mezi ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, okresn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady a m\u00edstn\u00ed org\u00e1ny, co\u017e br\u00e1n\u00ed modernizaci. <\/p>\n
Dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed, kterou odborn\u00edci identifikovali, jsou administrativn\u00ed pr\u016ftahy, s nimi\u017e se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me u projekt\u016f na roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b pro monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b zdlouhav\u00fdch zad\u00e1vac\u00edch \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch pevn\u00fdch z\u00e1sad t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se m\u011bstsk\u00e9 dopravy a vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed obytn\u00fdch budov. V\u0161echny tyto p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny zt\u011b\u017euj\u00ed dosa\u017een\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9ho sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed. \u010cast\u00e9 zm\u011bny ve veden\u00ed instituc\u00ed zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch se \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm nav\u00edc vedly k p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed nebo odlo\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00edch projekt\u016f. <\/p>\n
Rumunsko \u010dek\u00e1 z\u00e1vod s \u010dasem, aby se vyhnulo sankc\u00edm<\/strong><\/h3>\n
Aby se Rumunsko vyhnulo postoupen\u00ed v\u011bci Soudn\u00edmu dvoru EU, bude muset v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm obdob\u00ed (konkr\u00e9tn\u011b v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch) prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee modernizuje sv\u016fj monitorovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m a p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 co nejp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Mezi priority, kter\u00e9 odborn\u00edci ozna\u010dili, pat\u0159\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed po\u010dtu monitorovac\u00edch stanic v nedostate\u010dn\u011b pokryt\u00fdch oblastech, modernizace st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed politiky udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 m\u011bstsk\u00e9 mobility, podpora p\u0159echodu na m\u00e9n\u011b zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed syst\u00e9my vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed a v neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 kontrola pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 mus\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed org\u00e1ny zlep\u0161it transparentnost a konzistentnost ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch zpr\u00e1v pro Evropskou komisi. Mezi evropsk\u00fdmi z\u00e1vazky a skute\u010dnost\u00ed v ter\u00e9nu ukazuje sou\u010dasn\u00e1 situace, \u017ee Rumunsko z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 zraniteln\u00e9, pokud jde o dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed evropsk\u00fdch pravidel kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. P\u0159esto\u017ee bylo dosa\u017eeno ur\u010dit\u00e9ho pokroku, nen\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00fd k tomu, aby poskytl \u00fapln\u00fd obraz o skute\u010dn\u00e9 \u00farovni zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a zajistil sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch emis\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b z tohoto d\u016fvodu je opat\u0159en\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 komise nejen pr\u00e1vn\u00ed sankc\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 siln\u00fdm sign\u00e1lem, \u017ee Rumunsko mus\u00ed br\u00e1t sv\u00e9 povinnosti v oblasti ochrany \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed velmi v\u00e1\u017en\u011b. V s\u00e1zce je nejen vyhnut\u00ed se vysok\u00fdm pokut\u00e1m, ale tak\u00e9 zlep\u0161en\u00ed kvality \u017eivota milion\u016f Rumun\u016f. <\/p>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Pot\u00e9, co Evropsk\u00e1 komise zah\u00e1jila nov\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed kroky proti Rumunsku a obvinila politiky v Bukure\u0161ti, \u017ee nepln\u00ed sv\u00e9 povinnosti v oblasti monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, se schyluje k nov\u00e9 konfrontaci mezi Bruselem a Bukure\u0161t\u00ed. Rozhodnut\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 komise p\u0159edlo\u017eit v\u011bc Soudn\u00edmu dvoru Evropsk\u00e9 unie (SDEU) vyv\u00edj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed tlak na rumunsk\u00fd st\u00e1t v dob\u011b, kdy probl\u00e9my […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":72,"featured_media":41697,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[258,230],"tags":[2773,208,283],"editorial-positions":[42],"regions":[328,339,356,364],"types":[415],"class_list":["post-47838","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pravni","category-zivotni-prostredi","tag-air-quality","tag-cjeu","tag-european-commission","editorial-positions-focus","regions-central-europe-cs","regions-eastern-europe-cs","regions-southern-europe-cs","regions-western-europe-cs","types-news-cs"],"yoast_head":"\n
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EU spou\u0161t\u00ed \u00fapln\u00fd syst\u00e9m vstupu\/v\u00fdstupu: Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed revize hrani\u010dn\u00edch kontrol<\/li><\/a>