{"id":51344,"date":"2026-02-26T20:12:24","date_gmt":"2026-02-26T20:12:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/polyfarmacie-v-evropskem-zdravotnictvi"},"modified":"2026-02-26T20:12:24","modified_gmt":"2026-02-26T20:12:24","slug":"polyfarmacie-v-evropskem-zdravotnictvi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/polyfarmacie-v-evropskem-zdravotnictvi","title":{"rendered":"Polyfarmacie v evropsk\u00e9m zdravotnictv\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho pilulek, m\u00e1lo ot\u00e1zek<\/strong><\/p>\n

Polyfarmacie je jedn\u00edm z t\u011bch zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch pojm\u016f, kter\u00fd je v podstat\u011b nezn\u00e1m\u00fd mimo \u00fazkou niku, kter\u00e1 t\u00e9to oblasti rozum\u00ed, a p\u0159itom je ve skute\u010dnosti d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

Je to odborn\u00fd n\u00e1zev pro situaci, kdy pacient\u016fm p\u0159edepisuje p\u011bt, \u0161est nebo dokonce deset l\u00e9k\u016f sou\u010dasn\u011b, \u010dasto \u0159ada l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f, mezi nimi\u017e neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 komunikace, a nikdo se neobt\u011b\u017euje zeptat, zda je koktejl prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd nebo \u0161kodliv\u00fd. V angli\u010dtin\u011b by se tomu \u0159\u00edkalo over-medication. A jej\u00ed rozsah je ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Nevhodn\u00e9 p\u0159edepisov\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9k\u016f zp\u016fsobuje p\u00e1dy, zmatenost, probl\u00e9my s pam\u011bt\u00ed a v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech i smrt. Po\u010det hospitalizac\u00ed spojen\u00fdch s t\u00edmto probl\u00e9mem se v EU odhaduje na 8,6 milionu ro\u010dn\u011b, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e zhruba polovin\u011b z nich by se dalo p\u0159edej\u00edt. Nedodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby, proto\u017ee pacienti nemaj\u00ed p\u0159ehled o tom, co a kdy maj\u00ed u\u017e\u00edvat, od\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1 ze zdravotnick\u00fdch rozpo\u010dt\u016f odhadem 125 miliard eur ro\u010dn\u011b. To jsou obrovsk\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla, kter\u00e1 popisuj\u00ed selh\u00e1n\u00ed, je\u017e si t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdhradn\u011b zp\u016fsobujeme sami. <\/p>\n

Co odhalila irsk\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va CAMHS<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nadm\u011brn\u00e1 medikace u star\u0161\u00edch lid\u00ed je dost \u0161patn\u00e1, ale to, co se d\u011bje v oblasti p\u00e9\u010de o du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed, je je\u0161t\u011b hor\u0161\u00ed a nal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va HSE o f\u00e1zi odvol\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed Kerry CAMHS nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed. Psychotropn\u00ed l\u00e9ky byly p\u0159edepisov\u00e1ny 79 % d\u011bt\u00ed ve zkouman\u00e9 kohort\u011b. Celost\u00e1tn\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011br je 39 %. <\/p>\n

V\u00edce d\u011bt\u00ed u\u017e\u00edvalo dva a v\u00edce takov\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f ne\u017e jeden, co\u017e je v rozporu s b\u011b\u017enou prax\u00ed p\u0159edepisov\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9k\u016f nezletil\u00fdm prakticky v\u0161ude v Evrop\u011b.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 z podrobn\u011b popsan\u00fdch kombinac\u00ed l\u00e9k\u016f byly tak\u00e9 velmi neobvykl\u00e9 a mnoh\u00e9 z nich byly p\u0159edepisov\u00e1ny v m\u00ed\u0159e v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159evy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed referen\u010dn\u00ed hodnoty, \u010dasto bez ohledu na hmotnost nebo v\u00fd\u0161ku d\u00edt\u011bte, jak to vy\u017eaduje BNF pro d\u011bti. Risperidon, antipsychotikum, byl pod\u00e1v\u00e1n v pr\u016fm\u011bru 22 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f, co\u017e je mnohem d\u00e9le ne\u017e 6 t\u00fddn\u016f doporu\u010den\u00fdch ke zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bnosti u d\u011bt\u00ed s autismem. <\/p>\n

Mezi d\u011btmi s ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm byla \u010d\u00edsla je\u0161t\u011b hor\u0161\u00ed. M\u00edra p\u0159edepisov\u00e1n\u00ed dos\u00e1hla 94 %, v\u010detn\u011b u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed neuroleptik v 80 % a vysok\u00e9 prevalence soub\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edce l\u00e9k\u016f. U v\u00edce ne\u017e 90 % t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f nebylo zaznamen\u00e1no \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed hodnocen\u00ed fyzick\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed. Nejedn\u00e1 se o l\u00e9ky, kter\u00e9 by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vysadit a zapomenout na n\u011b, ale n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed bylo zanedbateln\u00e9. <\/p>\n

Zpr\u00e1va jasn\u011b uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm nedostatkem je vysok\u00e1 m\u00edra p\u0159edepisov\u00e1n\u00ed psychotropn\u00edch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 jsou zd\u00e1nliv\u011b alternativou skute\u010dn\u00e9 terapie rozhovorem, co\u017e vedlo ke st\u0159edn\u011b z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm a\u017e z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdm \u0161kod\u00e1m v 89 % zkouman\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f ment\u00e1ln\u00edho posti\u017een\u00ed. Toto zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed si zaslou\u017e\u00ed titulky v novin\u00e1ch. Z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti se mu ho nedostalo. <\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9m, kter\u00fd se t\u00fdk\u00e1 v\u0161ech zem\u00ed, nejen Kerryho.<\/strong><\/p>\n

V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Kerryho samoz\u0159ejm\u011b nesou ur\u010ditou odpov\u011bdnost jednotliv\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159i. Zpr\u00e1va NKCAMHS zjistila, \u017ee psychiatrie poskytovala t\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u00edce intervenc\u00ed ne\u017e zbytek multidisciplin\u00e1rn\u00edho t\u00fdmu dohromady, ne proto, \u017ee by psychiat\u0159i jako takov\u00ed d\u011blali n\u011bco \u0161patn\u011b, ale proto, \u017ee psychologov\u00e9, OT a logopedi tam prost\u011b nebyli v dostate\u010dn\u00e9m po\u010dtu. Kdy\u017e je \u010dekac\u00ed listina na CBT dlouh\u00e1 p\u016fl roku, m\u00e1te k dispozici blok s recepty. <\/p>\n

Tot\u00e9\u017e se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 v p\u00e9\u010di o seniory na cel\u00e9m kontinentu. Praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 s pacientem, kter\u00fd u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 l\u00e9ky od t\u0159\u00ed nebo \u010dty\u0159 r\u016fzn\u00fdch specialist\u016f, nem\u00e1 \u010das a \u010dasto ani \u0161kolen\u00ed nebo syst\u00e9m, aby si sedl a zjistil, zda v\u0161echny tyto p\u0159edpisy maj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b smysl jako celek. Kter\u00fdkoli z nich m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt s\u00e1m o sob\u011b naprosto rozumn\u00fd. P\u011bt z nich dohromady v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit \u0161kodu. Ale nen\u00ed nikdo, kdo by to m\u011bl za \u00fakol kontrolovat, co\u017e je vlastn\u011b j\u00e1dro probl\u00e9mu. <\/p>\n

A situace se zdravotnick\u00fdmi z\u00e1znamy ji op\u011bt zhor\u0161uje. Ve spoust\u011b \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f nevid\u00ed nemocni\u010dn\u00ed konzultant, co mu p\u0159edepsal praktick\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159, a ani jeden z nich nevid\u00ed, co pacientovi nasadil komunitn\u00ed t\u00fdm pro du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed. Tak\u017ee nakonec doch\u00e1z\u00ed k situaci, kdy nikdo nem\u00e1 \u00fapln\u00fd p\u0159ehled a riziko nese pacient. <\/p>\n

Co financovala EU a co se d\u011blo d\u00e1l<\/strong><\/p>\n

Na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto probl\u00e9mu byly vynalo\u017eeny prost\u0159edky z fond\u016f EU a n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich skute\u010dn\u011b fungovaly. Spole\u010dnosti OPERAM a SENATOR se pokusily vytvo\u0159it software, kter\u00fd by na z\u00e1klad\u011b stanoven\u00fdch klinick\u00fdch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed upozor\u0148oval na pochybn\u00e9 p\u0159edpisy, a v n\u011bkter\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch se jim poda\u0159ilo sn\u00ed\u017eit po\u010det nevhodn\u011b p\u0159edepsan\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f o 37 %. M\u00e9n\u011b \u0161patn\u00fdch reakc\u00ed na l\u00e9ky, m\u00e9n\u011b lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed bezd\u016fvodn\u011b kon\u010d\u00ed v nemocnici. <\/p>\n

Probl\u00e9mem je, jak u\u017e to u zdravotnick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu financovan\u00e9ho EU b\u00fdv\u00e1, co se stalo, kdy\u017e se pen\u00edze p\u0159estaly vypl\u00e1cet. Projekty skon\u010dily. Zpr\u00e1vy byly naps\u00e1ny. Politici se na n\u011b odvol\u00e1vali ve sv\u00fdch projevech. Na \u00farovni skute\u010dn\u00e9 klinick\u00e9 praxe, na kter\u00e9 z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed, se toho zm\u011bnilo jen velmi m\u00e1lo. Farmakogenomika – my\u0161lenka, \u017ee by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt genetick\u00fd profil \u010dlov\u011bka k p\u0159edpov\u011bdi, jak bude reagovat na ur\u010ditou kombinaci l\u00e9k\u016f – zn\u00ed skv\u011ble, ale k jej\u00edmu fungov\u00e1n\u00ed je t\u0159eba integrovan\u00fdch elektronick\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch z\u00e1znam\u016f, kter\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161ina \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f zat\u00edm nem\u00e1. V tuto chv\u00edli je to jako koupit si radarov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, ale ned\u016fv\u011b\u0159ovat softwaru, a tak s n\u00edm neum\u011bt zato\u010dit. N\u011bco, co by samoz\u0159ejm\u011b \u010dlensk\u00fd st\u00e1t EU nikdy neud\u011blal. Investice pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k jejich vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed se zat\u00edm neobjevily a up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, nic moc nenasv\u011bd\u010duje tomu, \u017ee se objev\u00ed. <\/p>\n

WHO si stanovila c\u00edl sn\u00ed\u017eit do roku 2030 \u0161kody zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 l\u00e9ky na polovinu. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 podob\u011b se to nepoda\u0159\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Co by mohlo v\u011bci zm\u011bnit<\/strong><\/p>\n

To, co by se zde m\u011blo st\u00e1t, by nevy\u017eadovalo roky legislativn\u00edch tahanic, ale jen politickou v\u016fli a relativn\u011b skromn\u00e9 investice.<\/p>\n

Pro za\u010d\u00e1tek povinn\u00e9 ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed kontroly l\u00e9k\u016f v prim\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di pro v\u0161echny, kdo maj\u00ed p\u011bt a v\u00edce recept\u016f, kter\u00e9 by prov\u00e1d\u011bl l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00edk spolu s praktick\u00fdm l\u00e9ka\u0159em. V\u00edme, \u017ee to funguje, proto\u017ee EU ji\u017e financovala projekty, kter\u00e9 to prok\u00e1zaly. <\/p>\n

Pak je tu depist\u00e1\u017e – strukturovan\u00fd proces skute\u010dn\u00e9ho sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo vysazov\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9k\u016f, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e nejsou pot\u0159eba. To se mus\u00ed st\u00e1t rutinou, ne n\u011b\u010d\u00edm, co d\u011bl\u00e1 hrstka nad\u0161enc\u016f na okraji. L\u00e9ka\u0159i v nemocnic\u00edch i ve v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 praxi pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u0161kolen\u00ed, aby dok\u00e1zali rozpoznat, kdy hromada l\u00e9k\u016f p\u0159ekro\u010dila hranici, kdy u\u017e nepom\u00e1haj\u00ed, ale \u0161kod\u00ed. A samotn\u00fdm pacient\u016fm je t\u0159eba srozumiteln\u011b \u0159\u00edci, co u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed, pro\u010d a jak\u00e9 jsou alternativy. V\u011bt\u0161in\u011b z nich se toho v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nedost\u00e1v\u00e1. <\/p>\n

To, co se stalo v Kerry, je, kdy\u017e se to vezme zp\u011bt, p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o l\u00e9c\u00edch, kter\u00e9 vypl\u0148uj\u00ed mezeru po nedostate\u010dn\u011b financovan\u00fdch terapeutick\u00fdch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch. V\u00edce multidisciplin\u00e1rn\u00edch t\u00fdm\u016f a krat\u0161\u00ed \u010dekac\u00ed lh\u016fty na psychologickou l\u00e9\u010dbu by pomohly napravit nevhodn\u00e9 p\u0159edepisov\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9k\u016f v oblasti du\u0161evn\u00edho zdrav\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e jak\u00e9koli retrospektivn\u00ed audity. A konkr\u00e9tn\u011b u d\u011bt\u00ed s ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm by m\u011bl b\u00fdt povinn\u00fd odborn\u00fd dohled konzultant\u016f nad t\u00edm, co se p\u0159edepisuje. Ne voliteln\u00fd, ne doporu\u010den\u00fd <\/p>\n

Na tom nyn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed, proto\u017ee to vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 jasn\u00e9 obavy ohledn\u011b l\u00e9\u010dby d\u011bt\u00ed v p\u00e9\u010di, ale mus\u00edme tak\u00e9 vz\u00edt v \u00favahu, \u017ee Evropa st\u00e1rne – v roce<\/strong>2050 bude ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dtvrt\u00fd Evropan star\u0161\u00ed 65 let – a st\u00e1rnouc\u00ed populace je populace, kter\u00e1 st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00edce l\u00e9k\u016f. Zpr\u00e1va NKCAMHS je varovn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem o tom, co se stane, kdy\u017e p\u0159edepisovac\u00ed praxe p\u0159ed\u010d\u00ed dohled, a jej\u00ed pou\u010den\u00ed plat\u00ed daleko v\u00edce ne\u017e jen pro slu\u017eby du\u0161evn\u00edho zdrav\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed v jednom irsk\u00e9m hrabstv\u00ed. <\/p>\n

Zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dostupnosti l\u00e9k\u016f je nezbytn\u00e9 – a b\u016fh v\u00ed, \u017ee s t\u00edm Evropa bojuje -, ale nakonec je mo\u017en\u00e1 obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zajistit, aby byly dob\u0159e pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho pilulek, m\u00e1lo ot\u00e1zek Polyfarmacie je jedn\u00edm z t\u011bch zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch pojm\u016f, kter\u00fd je v podstat\u011b nezn\u00e1m\u00fd mimo \u00fazkou niku, kter\u00e1 t\u00e9to oblasti rozum\u00ed, a p\u0159itom je ve skute\u010dnosti d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho. Je to odborn\u00fd n\u00e1zev pro situaci, kdy pacient\u016fm p\u0159edepisuje p\u011bt, \u0161est nebo dokonce deset l\u00e9k\u016f sou\u010dasn\u011b, \u010dasto \u0159ada l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f, mezi nimi\u017e neexistuje […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":68,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[199],"tags":[],"editorial-positions":[],"regions":[],"types":[],"class_list":["post-51344","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zdravi"],"yoast_head":"\nPolyfarmacie v evropsk\u00e9m zdravotnictv\u00ed - The Conservative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/polyfarmacie-v-evropskem-zdravotnictvi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Polyfarmacie v evropsk\u00e9m zdravotnictv\u00ed - The Conservative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho pilulek, m\u00e1lo ot\u00e1zek Polyfarmacie je jedn\u00edm z t\u011bch zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch pojm\u016f, kter\u00fd je v podstat\u011b nezn\u00e1m\u00fd mimo \u00fazkou niku, kter\u00e1 t\u00e9to oblasti rozum\u00ed, a p\u0159itom je ve skute\u010dnosti d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho. 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