{"id":67923,"date":"2026-11-06T20:13:01","date_gmt":"2026-11-06T20:13:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cerna-hora-a-navrat-k-geopolitickemu-rozsirovani-do-jake-evropy-vstoupi-jeji-28-clen"},"modified":"2026-11-10T14:52:58","modified_gmt":"2026-11-10T14:52:58","slug":"cerna-hora-a-navrat-k-geopolitickemu-rozsirovani-do-jake-evropy-vstoupi-jeji-28-clen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/cerna-hora-a-navrat-k-geopolitickemu-rozsirovani-do-jake-evropy-vstoupi-jeji-28-clen","title":{"rendered":"\u010cern\u00e1 Hora a n\u00e1vrat k geopolitick\u00e9mu roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed: Do jak\u00e9 Evropy vstoup\u00ed jej\u00ed 28. \u010dlen?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Mo\u017en\u00fd vstup \u010cern\u00e9 Hory do Evropsk\u00e9 unie v roce 2028 vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zku, jej\u00ed\u017e dosah daleko p\u0159esahuje r\u00e1mec z\u00e1padn\u00edho Balk\u00e1nu: jak by se m\u011blo propojit roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed Unie, evropsk\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost a n\u00e1rodn\u00ed suverenita?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ji\u017e t\u0159in\u00e1ct let nep\u0159ijala Evropsk\u00e1 unie \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nov\u00fd \u010dlensk\u00fd st\u00e1t. Posledn\u00ed zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se p\u0159ipojila, bylo Chorvatsko v roce 2013. Od t\u00e9 doby z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed opakovan\u00fdm slibem na evropsk\u00fdch summitech, kter\u00fd je sice potvrzov\u00e1n v ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edch, ale neust\u00e1le odkl\u00e1d\u00e1n kv\u016fli politick\u00fdm neshod\u00e1m a institucion\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m. Nyn\u00ed se na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Jadersk\u00e9ho mo\u0159e toto dlouh\u00e9 obdob\u00ed ne\u010dinnosti mo\u017en\u00e1 kone\u010dn\u011b ch\u00fdl\u00ed ke konci.<\/p><div class='related_content'><span>RELATED<\/span><ul><li><a href='https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/evropske-arkticke-probuzeni-musi-nyni-prinest-vysledky'>Evropsk\u00e9 \u201earktick\u00e9 probuzen\u00ed\u201c mus\u00ed nyn\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e9st v\u00fdsledky<\/li><\/a><li><a href='https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/islandske-ne-a-evropa-narodu'>Islandsk\u00e9 \u201ene\u201c a Evropa n\u00e1rod\u016f<\/li><\/a><li><a href='https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/nekolik-uvah-v-navaznosti-na-projev-komisare-pro-rozsireni-v-zahrebu'>N\u011bkolik \u00favah v n\u00e1vaznosti na projev komisa\u0159e pro roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed v Z\u00e1h\u0159ebu<\/li><\/a><\/ul><\/div>\n<p>Dne 6. listopadu 2026 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/it\/press\/press-releases\/2026\/11\/06\/enlargement-eu-and-montenegro-close-accession-negotiations-on-free-movement-of-goods-and-food-safety\/\">Rada Evropsk\u00e9 unie<\/a> ozn\u00e1mila prozat\u00edmn\u00ed uzav\u0159en\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch dvou kapitol jedn\u00e1n\u00ed s \u010cernou Horou, kter\u00e9 se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed voln\u00e9ho pohybu zbo\u017e\u00ed a bezpe\u010dnosti potravin, veterin\u00e1rn\u00ed a fytosanit\u00e1rn\u00ed politiky. Tato zem\u011b tak prozat\u00edmn\u011b uzav\u0159ela 23 z 33 kapitol otev\u0159en\u00fdch v r\u00e1mci p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>O dva dny d\u0159\u00edve p\u0159edstavila Evropsk\u00e1 komise sv\u016fj v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed bal\u00ed\u010dek k roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, v n\u011bm\u017e ozna\u010dila uzav\u0159en\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed s \u010cernou Horou do konce roku 2026 za realistickou perspektivu, za p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee budou dokon\u010deny zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed reformy a bude zaji\u0161t\u011bna nezbytn\u00e1 shoda mezi \u010dlensk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fd harmonogram by umo\u017enil podeps\u00e1n\u00ed smlouvy o p\u0159istoupen\u00ed v roce 2027, co\u017e by \u010cern\u00e9 Ho\u0159e potenci\u00e1ln\u011b umo\u017enilo vstoupit do Unie v roce 2028.<\/p>\n<p>Zat\u00edm nebylo nic form\u00e1ln\u011b zaru\u010deno. Zb\u00fdv\u00e1 uzav\u0159\u00edt deset kapitol, p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dohody jsou podm\u00edn\u011bny \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm zavr\u0161en\u00edm cel\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed a jak\u00e1koli p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e1 smlouva mus\u00ed proj\u00edt nezbytn\u00fdmi schvalovac\u00edmi a ratifika\u010dn\u00edmi postupy.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159esto se v\u0161ak poprv\u00e9 po mnoha letech st\u00e1v\u00e1 vyhl\u00eddka na dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho osm\u00e9ho \u010dlena EU n\u011b\u010d\u00edm konkr\u00e9tn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm ne\u017e jen dal\u0161\u00edm vzd\u00e1len\u00fdm politick\u00fdm z\u00e1vazkem.<\/p>\n<p>A proto je nutn\u00e9 si polo\u017eit ot\u00e1zku, do jak\u00e9ho druhu Unie by se \u010cern\u00e1 Hora mohla nakonec p\u0159ipojit.<\/p>\n<h2>Od institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed stagnace ke strategick\u00e9 nutnosti<\/h2>\n<p>Je\u0161t\u011b v \u0159\u00edjnu 2023 na summitu v Granad\u011b evropsk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy znovu potvrdily svou podporu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, ani\u017e by se v\u0161ak dohodly na z\u00e1vazn\u00e9m harmonogramu. Jejich rozd\u00edly odr\u00e1\u017eely dlouhodobou debatu o budoucnosti evropsk\u00e9 integrace.<\/p>\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy pova\u017eovaly roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed za z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro upevn\u011bn\u00ed stability na cel\u00e9m kontinentu. Jin\u00e9 se ptaly, zda by st\u00e1le rozmanit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Unie mohla i nad\u00e1le \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b fungovat bez podstatn\u00fdch zm\u011bn ve sv\u00fdch instituc\u00edch a rozhodovac\u00edch postupech.<\/p>\n<p>Tyto pot\u00ed\u017ee nikdy nebyly \u010dist\u011b administrativn\u00edho charakteru. Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed m\u00e1 dopad na hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy, rozpo\u010dtov\u00e9 prost\u0159edky, zem\u011bd\u011blskou politiku, voln\u00fd pohyb osob a schopnost vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edch vl\u00e1d ovliv\u0148ovat rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edman\u00e1 na evropsk\u00e9 \u00farovni.<\/p>\n<p>Plnohodnotn\u00e1 rusk\u00e1 invaze na Ukrajinu v \u00fanoru 2022 postupn\u011b zm\u011bnila podm\u00ednky t\u00e9to debaty.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e1lka op\u011bt posunula ot\u00e1zku \u00fazemn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti a stability v sousedstv\u00ed Evropy do centra evropsk\u00e9 politiky. Zem\u011b, kter\u00e9 se po l\u00e9ta nach\u00e1zely v p\u0159echodn\u00e9m postaven\u00ed \u2013 byly s EU propojeny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm dohod o spolupr\u00e1ci, ale byly vylou\u010deny z jej\u00edch instituc\u00ed \u2013, z\u00edskaly nov\u00fd strategick\u00fd v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n<p>Konkurence s Ruskem, rostouc\u00ed ekonomick\u00fd vliv \u010c\u00edny a zranitelnost zem\u00ed na v\u00fdchodn\u00edm a jihov\u00fdchodn\u00edm okraji Evropy p\u0159isp\u011bly k p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed jako n\u00e1stroje kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n<p>Tato zm\u011bna je patrn\u00e1 i v jazyce, kter\u00fdm hovo\u0159\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 instituce. V prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed Rady ze dne 6. listopadu ozna\u010dil Thomas Byrne, irsk\u00fd st\u00e1tn\u00ed tajemn\u00edk pro evropsk\u00e9 z\u00e1le\u017eitosti a obranu, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed za geopolitickou nutnost.<\/p>\n<p>To je v\u00fdznamn\u00fd posun. Po cel\u00e1 l\u00e9ta m\u011bl Brusel tendenci prezentovat roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jako proces harmonizace pr\u00e1vn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f, spr\u00e1vn\u00ed reformy a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 konvergence. Dnes se jeho dopady na strategick\u00e9 postaven\u00ed Evropy uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed mnohem otev\u0159en\u011bji.<\/p>\n<p>Uzn\u00e1n\u00ed geopolitick\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed v\u0161ak ne\u0159e\u0161\u00ed jeho nejobt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zky. Kter\u00e9 zem\u011b by se m\u011bly p\u0159ipojit? Za jak\u00fdch podm\u00ednek? A co je mo\u017en\u00e1 nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed: jakou institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed strukturu by m\u011bla p\u0159ijmout roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 Unie?<\/p>\n<h2>\u010cern\u00e1 Hora, Jadransk\u00e1 oblast a evropsk\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost<\/h2>\n<p>\u010cern\u00e1 Hora zauj\u00edm\u00e1 v t\u00e9to diskusi zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed postaven\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00e1 se o relativn\u011b malou zemi na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Jadersk\u00e9ho mo\u0159e, kter\u00e1 le\u017e\u00ed v oblasti, kde se prol\u00ednaj\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy s historick\u00fdm rusk\u00fdm vlivem, investicemi zahrani\u010dn\u00edch mocnost\u00ed a spory, kter\u00e9 jsou d\u011bdictv\u00edm rozpadu Jugosl\u00e1vie.<\/p>\n<p>Jeho strategick\u00fd v\u00fdznam nelze m\u011b\u0159it pouze po\u010dtem obyvatel, hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem nebo rozlohou \u00fazem\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>\u010cern\u00e1 Hora se stala \u010dlenem NATO dne 5. \u010dervna 2017. Jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 p\u0159istoupen\u00ed k Evropsk\u00e9 unii by tak doplnilo st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed euroatlantick\u00fd bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed z\u00e1vazek o hlub\u0161\u00ed politickou a hospod\u00e1\u0159skou integraci.<\/p>\n<p>Zejm\u00e9na pro It\u00e1lii je v\u00fdvoj v \u010cern\u00e9 Ho\u0159e p\u0159\u00edmo spojen se stabilitou v oblasti Jadransk\u00e9ho mo\u0159e a na cel\u00e9m Z\u00e1padn\u00edm Balk\u00e1n\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost, dopravn\u00ed infrastruktura, spolupr\u00e1ce v oblasti energetiky a boj proti organizovan\u00e9 trestn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti jsou ot\u00e1zky, kter\u00e9 daleko p\u0159esahuj\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed hranice \u010cern\u00e9 Hory. Maj\u00ed dopad na sousedn\u00ed zem\u011b a v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm smyslu i na schopnost Evropsk\u00e9 unie zajistit bezpe\u010dnost ve sv\u00e9m jihov\u00fdchodn\u00edm sousedstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Z tohoto \u00fahlu pohledu lze roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed vn\u00edmat jako p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost k pos\u00edlen\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce se zem\u011bmi, jejich\u017e vnit\u0159n\u00ed stabilita m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd dopad na st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n<p>Bylo by v\u0161ak chybou domn\u00edvat se, \u017ee \u010dlenstv\u00ed v EU automaticky odstran\u00ed slab\u00e1 m\u00edsta tohoto historicky slo\u017eit\u00e9ho regionu.<\/p>\n<p>Institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed integrace nevy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed spory, nenahrad\u00ed efektivn\u00ed vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vu ani sama o sob\u011b nezaru\u010d\u00ed dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1sad pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu. Evropsk\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku z\u00e1vis\u00ed na schopnosti jednotliv\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f plnit sv\u00e9 povinnosti, prosazovat sv\u00e9 z\u00e1kony a udr\u017eovat funk\u010dn\u00ed demokratick\u00e9 instituce.<\/p>\n<p>Politika roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by tyto skute\u010dnosti p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eela, by mohla v\u00e9st k z\u00e1m\u011bn\u011b form\u00e1ln\u00ed integrace se skute\u010dnou stabilitou.<\/p>\n<h2>P\u0159istoupen\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b z\u00e1sluh, nikoli automatick\u00e9 roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch aspekt\u016f procesu p\u0159istoupen\u00ed \u010cern\u00e9 Hory je d\u00e9lka a obsah jej\u00edch jedn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Podgorica podala \u017e\u00e1dost o \u010dlenstv\u00ed v EU v prosinci 2008, status kandid\u00e1tsk\u00e9 zem\u011b z\u00edskala v roce 2010 a v roce 2012 ofici\u00e1ln\u011b zah\u00e1jila p\u0159\u00edstupov\u00e1 jedn\u00e1n\u00ed. Tento proces zahrnoval reformy v cel\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b oblast\u00ed politiky, od hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy a\u017e po nez\u00e1vislost soudnictv\u00ed a boj proti korupci.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/enlargement.ec.europa.eu\/news\/2026-enlargement-package-shows-reform-commitment-delivers-progress-towards-eu-membership-2026-11-04_en\">Bal\u00ed\u010dek Evropsk\u00e9 komise k roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed z roku 2026<\/a> klade d\u016fraz na z\u00e1sadu p\u0159istoupen\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b z\u00e1sluh. Pokrok na cest\u011b k \u010dlenstv\u00ed mus\u00ed odr\u00e1\u017eet prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed reforem, dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1sad pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu a schopnost \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b uplat\u0148ovat evropsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed p\u0159edpisy.<\/p>\n<p>Tento princip nab\u00fdv\u00e1 na v\u00fdznamu t\u00edm v\u00edce, \u010d\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed geopolitickou nal\u00e9havost nab\u00fdv\u00e1 proces roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Je t\u0159eba sladit dva legitimn\u00ed c\u00edle.<\/p>\n<p>Prvn\u00edm z nich je poskytnout kandid\u00e1tsk\u00fdm zem\u00edm v\u011brohodnou evropskou perspektivu a zachovat tak motivaci k institucion\u00e1ln\u00edm reform\u00e1m, hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu rozvoji a politick\u00e9 stabilit\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Za druh\u00e9 je t\u0159eba zajistit, aby strategick\u00e1 nal\u00e9havost nevedla k p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9mu p\u0159istoupen\u00ed nebo k oslaben\u00ed standard\u016f, jejich\u017e dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 i od st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>\u010cern\u00e1 Hora nab\u00edz\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost dok\u00e1zat, \u017ee tyto c\u00edle nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt v rozporu.<\/p>\n<p>Je mo\u017en\u00e9 uznat dosa\u017een\u00fd pokrok, ani\u017e by se p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eely nedokon\u010den\u00e9 reformy. Politick\u00e1 podpora \u010dlenstv\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt ruku v ruce s n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm fungov\u00e1n\u00ed instituc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Komise i nad\u00e1le identifikuje probl\u00e9my souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s fungov\u00e1n\u00edm demokratick\u00fdch instituc\u00ed, nez\u00e1vislost\u00ed soudnictv\u00ed, korupc\u00ed a organizovan\u00fdm zlo\u010dinem.<\/p>\n<p>I nad\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed spory. Vztahy mezi \u010cernou Horou a Chorvatskem jsou ovlivn\u011bny nevy\u0159e\u0161en\u00fdmi ot\u00e1zkami, kter\u00e9 jsou d\u011bdictv\u00edm jugosl\u00e1vsk\u00e9ho obdob\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b \u00fazemn\u00edch spor\u016f a ot\u00e1zek t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se d\u011bdictv\u00ed v\u00e1lek z 90. let.<\/p>\n<p>A\u010dkoli Z\u00e1h\u0159eb v z\u00e1sad\u011b podporuje roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed o zem\u011b z\u00e1padn\u00edho Balk\u00e1nu, tyto z\u00e1le\u017eitosti ukazuj\u00ed, jak mohou bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed vztahy ovlivnit \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed proces p\u0159istoupen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>D\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup zalo\u017een\u00fd na z\u00e1sluh\u00e1ch mus\u00ed proto posuzovat nejen to, zda byla p\u0159ijata nov\u00e1 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00faprava, ale tak\u00e9 to, zda je \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bna.<\/p>\n<p>\u010clenstv\u00ed by m\u011blo b\u00fdt v\u00fdsledkem prokazateln\u00e9ho pokroku, nikoli politickou odm\u011bnou ud\u011blenou p\u0159edem.<\/p>\n<h2>Ukrajina a Moldavsko: Mus\u00ed jejich cesty k p\u0159istoupen\u00ed z\u016fstat propojen\u00e9?<\/h2>\n<p>Pokrok \u010cern\u00e9 Hory je rovn\u011b\u017e sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00edho kontextu roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, v n\u011bm\u017e se rozd\u00edly mezi kandid\u00e1tsk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi st\u00e1vaj\u00ed st\u00e1le z\u0159eteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi.<\/p>\n<p>V bal\u00ed\u010dku opat\u0159en\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00fd byl p\u0159edstaven 4. listopadu, Komise nast\u00ednila konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed vyjedn\u00e1vac\u00ed c\u00edle. Alb\u00e1nie si klade za c\u00edl dokon\u010dit jedn\u00e1n\u00ed v roce 2027, Moldavsko na po\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2028 a Ukrajina do konce roku 2028.<\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00e1 se o podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 c\u00edle pro uzav\u0159en\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, nikoli o dohodnut\u00e9 term\u00edny pro p\u0159istoupen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Toto rozli\u0161en\u00ed je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro Moldavsko a Ukrajinu.<\/p>\n<p>Od pod\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed v roce 2022 postupovaly ob\u011b zem\u011b v r\u00e1mci procesu evropsk\u00e9 integrace \u010dasto soub\u011b\u017en\u011b. Jejich geopolitick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky a institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdzvy v\u0161ak zdaleka nejsou toto\u017en\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Ukrajina i nad\u00e1le \u010del\u00ed rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 v\u00e1lce, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 dalekos\u00e1hl\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro bezpe\u010dnost, ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 finance a p\u0159\u00edpadnou hospod\u00e1\u0159skou integraci do Unie.<\/p>\n<p>Moldavsko \u010del\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b r\u016fzn\u00fdch slab\u00fdch m\u00edst, mezi n\u011b\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed nevy\u0159e\u0161en\u00fd status Podn\u011bst\u0159\u00ed a p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tlaky.<\/p>\n<p>Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee procesy jejich p\u0159istoupen\u00ed by mohly prob\u00edhat r\u016fzn\u00fdm tempem, by nem\u011bla b\u00fdt nutn\u011b vykl\u00e1d\u00e1na jako oslaben\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 podpory pro kteroukoli z t\u011bchto zem\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00edsto toho by to mohlo odr\u00e1\u017eet d\u016fsledn\u00e9 uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1sady: ka\u017ed\u00fd kandid\u00e1t by m\u011bl b\u00fdt posuzov\u00e1n podle sv\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch reforem, institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159ipravenosti a dopad\u016f sv\u00e9ho p\u0159istoupen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Politick\u00e1 solidarita a technick\u00e9 posouzen\u00ed \u010dlenstv\u00ed slou\u017e\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm. Jejich zam\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed by mohlo oslabit d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost obou.<\/p>\n<p>Evropsk\u00e1 unie m\u016f\u017ee i nad\u00e1le podporovat suverenitu a bezpe\u010dnost Ukrajiny a z\u00e1rove\u0148 uznat, \u017ee podm\u00ednky pro jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 p\u0159istoupen\u00ed vy\u017eaduj\u00ed samostatn\u00e9 a d\u016fkladn\u00e9 posouzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Stejn\u00fd princip plat\u00ed i pro Moldavsko, Alb\u00e1nii a v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed kandid\u00e1tsk\u00e9 zem\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>D\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e1 politika roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed se nem\u016f\u017ee op\u00edrat v\u00fdhradn\u011b o geografick\u00e1 seskupen\u00ed, politickou symboliku \u010di spole\u010dn\u00e9 term\u00edny. Mus\u00ed si zachovat schopnost rozli\u0161ovat mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edmi podm\u00ednkami.<\/p>\n<h2>Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed Evropy znamen\u00e1 tak\u00e9 rozhodnout o tom, jak by m\u011bla b\u00fdt \u0159\u00edzena<\/h2>\n<p>Existuje v\u0161ak je\u0161t\u011b jedna ot\u00e1zka, kterou nelze odkl\u00e1dat donekone\u010dna: institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed struktura roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 Evropsk\u00e9 unie.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159istoupen\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00ed nevyhnuteln\u011b znovu otev\u00edr\u00e1 debaty o pravidlech rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed, spole\u010dn\u00e9m rozpo\u010dtu, rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159edk\u016f a rovnov\u00e1ze pravomoc\u00ed mezi evropsk\u00fdmi institucemi a n\u00e1rodn\u00edmi vl\u00e1dami.<\/p>\n<p>Ji\u017e \u0159adu let se v r\u00e1mci evropsk\u00e9 debaty spojuje roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed s zm\u011bnami v hlasovac\u00edch postupech, zejm\u00e9na v t\u011bch oblastech politiky, kde je i nad\u00e1le vy\u017eadov\u00e1na jednomyslnost.<\/p>\n<p>Zast\u00e1nci t\u011bchto reforem tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed Unie bude pot\u0159ebovat rychlej\u0161\u00ed a efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mechanismy, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed paral\u00fdze.<\/p>\n<p>Jejich obavy si zaslou\u017e\u00ed pozornost. S rostouc\u00edm po\u010dtem \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f se rozhodovac\u00ed proces m\u016f\u017ee komplikovat, zejm\u00e9na pokud se n\u00e1rodn\u00ed z\u00e1jmy rozch\u00e1zej\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>\u00da\u010dinnost v\u0161ak nelze posuzovat odd\u011blen\u011b od demokratick\u00e9 legitimity.<\/p>\n<p>Schopnost vnitrost\u00e1tn\u00edch vl\u00e1d smyslupln\u011b se pod\u00edlet na rozhodnut\u00edch, kter\u00e1 se dot\u00fdkaj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00edch n\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1jm\u016f, nen\u00ed pouhou administrativn\u00ed komplikac\u00ed. Je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u00fastavn\u00ed a politick\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1hy, na n\u00ed\u017e spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 evropsk\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n<p>To je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 z pohledu evropsk\u00e9ho konzervatismu.<\/p>\n<p>Reykjav\u00edksk\u00e1 deklarace Strany evropsk\u00fdch konzervativc\u016f a reformist\u016f popisuje Evropu nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch n\u00e1rod\u016f, kter\u00e9 spolupracuj\u00ed ve spole\u010dn\u00e9m z\u00e1jmu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 si zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed svou identitu a celistvost.<\/p>\n<p>Uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 demokratickou legitimitu n\u00e1rodn\u00edho st\u00e1tu a podporuje z\u00e1sadu, \u017ee politick\u00e1 moc by m\u011bla b\u00fdt vykon\u00e1v\u00e1na na nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 \u00farovni.<\/p>\n<p>Takov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup nemus\u00ed nutn\u011b znamenat odpor proti roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Sp\u00ed\u0161e poskytuje r\u00e1mec pro posouzen\u00ed jeho institucion\u00e1ln\u00edch d\u016fsledk\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Evropskou spolupr\u00e1ci lze pos\u00edlit, ani\u017e bychom vych\u00e1zeli z p\u0159edpokladu, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 nov\u00e1 v\u00fdzva vy\u017eaduje p\u0159eveden\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch pravomoc\u00ed na nadn\u00e1rodn\u00ed instituce.<\/p>\n<p>Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 Unie m\u016f\u017ee skute\u010dn\u011b m\u00edt je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pot\u0159ebu mechanism\u016f, kter\u00e9 respektuj\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed rozd\u00edly a zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed smysluplnou demokratickou \u00fa\u010dast.<\/p>\n<p>Tato ot\u00e1zka je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro men\u0161\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty. Vzhledem k jejich omezen\u00e9mu demografick\u00e9mu vlivu je pro n\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 zastoupen\u00ed v r\u00e1mci spole\u010dn\u00fdch instituc\u00ed obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b cenn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Evropa slo\u017een\u00e1 z dvaceti osmi \u010di v\u00edce zem\u00ed by nevyhnuteln\u011b zahrnovala \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed spektrum historick\u00fdch zku\u0161enost\u00ed, hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch priorit a politick\u00fdch tradic.<\/p>\n<p>To, zda bude tato rozmanitost vn\u00edm\u00e1na jako zdroj s\u00edly, nebo jako p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eka, kterou je t\u0159eba p\u0159ekonat, ovlivn\u00ed sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed budouc\u00edch institucion\u00e1ln\u00edch reforem.<\/p>\n<p>Existuje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi posilov\u00e1n\u00edm spolupr\u00e1ce mezi suver\u00e9nn\u00edmi demokraciemi a t\u00edm, \u017ee se jejich trval\u00e1 politick\u00e1 autonomie pova\u017euje za probl\u00e9m, kter\u00fd je t\u0159eba vy\u0159e\u0161it.<\/p>\n<h2>Dvac\u00e1t\u00fd osm\u00fd \u010dlen a nedokon\u010den\u00e1 volba Evropy<\/h2>\n<p>\u010cern\u00e1 Hora by se mohla st\u00e1t prvn\u00ed zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 vstoup\u00ed do Evropsk\u00e9 unie po Chorvatsku.<\/p>\n<p>Perspektiva p\u0159istoupen\u00ed v roce 2028 je nyn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho institucion\u00e1ln\u00edho harmonogramu, i kdy\u017e jej\u00ed uskute\u010dn\u011bn\u00ed st\u00e1le z\u00e1vis\u00ed na dokon\u010den\u00ed jedn\u00e1n\u00ed, nezbytn\u00fdch reform\u00e1ch a n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00edch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdznam tohoto v\u00fdvoje v\u0161ak p\u0159esahuje hranice Podgorice.<\/p>\n<p>Po letech, kdy se zd\u00e1lo, \u017ee roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed uv\u00edzlo mezi politick\u00fdmi sliby a procedur\u00e1ln\u00edmi p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekami, pova\u017euje Evropsk\u00e1 unie integraci sousedn\u00edch zem\u00ed op\u011bt za d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd prvek kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n<p>Tento posun odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e9 geopolitick\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed, z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak znovu p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed do pop\u0159ed\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky.<\/p>\n<p>Jak by se m\u011bla m\u011b\u0159it p\u0159ipravenost kandid\u00e1tsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed? Jak\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00ed a institucion\u00e1ln\u00ed povinnosti s sebou roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159inese? Jak lze zachovat demokratickou odpov\u011bdnost v souvislosti s roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm Unie? A jak by se m\u011bly sladit opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f s pot\u0159ebou \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9ho spole\u010dn\u00e9ho postupu?<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 p\u0159istoupen\u00ed \u010cern\u00e9 Hory bude prvn\u00ed zkou\u0161kou tohoto nov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu.<\/p>\n<p>Tato debata by se nem\u011bla omezovat na volbu mezi neomezen\u00fdm roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm a trval\u00fdm vylou\u010den\u00edm. T\u00fdk\u00e1 se podm\u00ednek, za nich\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt evropsk\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ce \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 zachovat demokratick\u00e9 z\u00e1klady sv\u00fdch \u010dlensk\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Skute\u010dnou ot\u00e1zkou tedy nen\u00ed pouze to, kdy se Evropsk\u00e1 unie op\u011bt rozroste na dvacet osm \u010dlen\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Jde o to, zda roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159isp\u011bje k vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho a \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho partnerstv\u00ed mezi suver\u00e9nn\u00edmi evropsk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty, nebo se stane dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed k obnoven\u00ed centralizace politick\u00e9 moci pod tlakem geopolitick\u00e9 nal\u00e9havosti.<\/p>\n<p>Ot\u00e1zkou nen\u00ed jen to, kdy se \u010cern\u00e1 Hora stane \u010dlenem Evropsk\u00e9 unie. Jde o to, jak\u00e1 Unie na ni bude \u010dekat, a\u017e se tak stane.<\/p>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mo\u017en\u00fd vstup \u010cern\u00e9 Hory do Evropsk\u00e9 unie v roce 2028 vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zku, jej\u00ed\u017e dosah daleko p\u0159esahuje r\u00e1mec z\u00e1padn\u00edho Balk\u00e1nu: jak by se m\u011blo propojit roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed Unie, evropsk\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost a n\u00e1rodn\u00ed suverenita? Ji\u017e t\u0159in\u00e1ct let nep\u0159ijala Evropsk\u00e1 unie \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nov\u00fd \u010dlensk\u00fd st\u00e1t. Posledn\u00ed zem\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se p\u0159ipojila, bylo Chorvatsko v roce 2013. Od t\u00e9 doby z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":81,"featured_media":67588,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158],"tags":[2692,2897,3484,2706,3361],"editorial-positions":[],"regions":[328,339,344,356,364],"types":[449],"class_list":["post-67923","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politika","tag-eu-enlargement","tag-european-security","tag-montenegro","tag-national-sovereignty","tag-western-balkans","regions-central-europe-cs","regions-eastern-europe-cs","regions-northern-europe-cs","regions-southern-europe-cs","regions-western-europe-cs","types-opinion-cs"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u010cern\u00e1 Hora a n\u00e1vrat k geopolitick\u00e9mu roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed: Do jak\u00e9 Evropy vstoup\u00ed jej\u00ed 28. \u010dlen? - The Conservative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/cs\/cerna-hora-a-navrat-k-geopolitickemu-rozsirovani-do-jake-evropy-vstoupi-jeji-28-clen\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u010cern\u00e1 Hora a n\u00e1vrat k geopolitick\u00e9mu roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed: Do jak\u00e9 Evropy vstoup\u00ed jej\u00ed 28. \u010dlen? - The Conservative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mo\u017en\u00fd vstup \u010cern\u00e9 Hory do Evropsk\u00e9 unie v roce 2028 vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zku, jej\u00ed\u017e dosah daleko p\u0159esahuje r\u00e1mec z\u00e1padn\u00edho Balk\u00e1nu: jak by se m\u011blo propojit roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed Unie, evropsk\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnost a n\u00e1rodn\u00ed suverenita? 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