{"id":46899,"date":"2025-11-22T10:04:56","date_gmt":"2025-11-22T10:04:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/la-dama-de-hierro-1925-2025"},"modified":"2025-11-22T10:04:56","modified_gmt":"2025-11-22T10:04:56","slug":"la-dama-de-hierro-1925-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/es\/la-dama-de-hierro-1925-2025","title":{"rendered":"La Dama de Hierro, 1925-2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Margaret Thatcher naci\u00f3 el 13 de octubre de 1925. Apropiadamente, el think tank bruselense <a href=\"https:\/\/newdirection.online\">New Direction<\/a> celebra su centenario en Roma el 11 de diciembre, entregando los primeros Premios Margaret Thatcher. Conoc\u00ed a Thatcher en varias ocasiones, como en cenas ofrecidas por los J\u00f3venes Conservadores de Londres y la Fundaci\u00f3n Heritage de Washington DC, y en c\u00f3cteles en la C\u00e1mara de los Lores del Palacio de Westminster y en la embajada de Estonia en Londres. Pero s\u00f3lo tuve la oportunidad de mantener una verdadera conversaci\u00f3n con ella en una cena en Londres el 5 de octubre de 2002. Cuando se enter\u00f3 de que era islandesa, me felicit\u00f3 porque mi pa\u00eds no era miembro de la Uni\u00f3n Europea, de la que se hab\u00eda vuelto cada vez m\u00e1s cr\u00edtica. A\u00f1adi\u00f3 que uno de los problemas de la Uni\u00f3n Europea era que mucha gente del continente nunca hab\u00eda entendido la tradici\u00f3n brit\u00e1nica de libertad bajo la ley. Thatcher era una mujer atractiva, de estatura media, con unos ojos azules como el acero, inmaculadamente vestida y con el pelo rubio oscuro perfectamente peinado. Ten\u00eda una fuerte presencia y era m\u00e1s propensa a hablar que a escuchar. De las dos actrices famosas que la han representado en la pantalla, Gillian Anderson se parec\u00eda m\u00e1s a ella, mientras que Meryl Streep capt\u00f3 mejor su personalidad p\u00fablica.        <\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Libertad ante la Ley<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La observaci\u00f3n que me hizo Thatcher sobre la tradici\u00f3n inglesa de libertad bajo la ley fue profunda. El gobierno limitado se hab\u00eda desarrollado lentamente en Inglaterra, con la Carta Magna en 1215, la victoria del Parlamento sobre el rey en 1646 y la Revoluci\u00f3n incruenta de 1688. En el continente, sin embargo, los reyes hab\u00edan asumido el poder absoluto en la mayor\u00eda de los pa\u00edses, sobre todo el rey Luis XIV de Francia. El historiador ingl\u00e9s George Macaulay Trevelyan pidi\u00f3 en cierta ocasi\u00f3n a sus lectores que supusieran que la lucha del siglo XVII entre el rey y el Parlamento hab\u00eda acabado de forma diferente. &#8216;La corriente del pensamiento y la pr\u00e1ctica europeos, que corr\u00eda con fuerza hacia el despotismo, habr\u00eda arrastrado a Inglaterra a la corriente&#8217;, escribi\u00f3. Inglaterra se habr\u00eda convertido entonces en una mera porci\u00f3n perif\u00e9rica del sistema estatal de Europa\u00bb. M\u00e1s tarde, la Revoluci\u00f3n Francesa de 1789 no pretendi\u00f3 limitar el poder absoluto de los reyes, sino transferirlo a representantes autoproclamados del pueblo. Esto condujo al terror, a una dictadura militar y a las sanguinarias Guerras Napole\u00f3nicas. Tambi\u00e9n es aleccionador pensar que en la primavera de 1941 s\u00f3lo hab\u00eda seis democracias en Europa: Gran Breta\u00f1a, Irlanda, Islandia, Suecia, Finlandia y Suiza. S\u00f3lo Gran Breta\u00f1a luch\u00f3 contra los nazis.        <\/p><div class='related_content'><span>RELATED<\/span><ul><li><a href='https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/es\/tradicion-y-renovacion-en-el-teatro'>Tradici\u00f3n y renovaci\u00f3n en el teatro<\/li><\/a><li><a href='https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/es\/los-mercados-se-mantienen-estables-mientras-los-inversores-vigilan-a-iran-los-precios-del-petroleo-y-los-bancos-centrales'>Los mercados se mantienen estables mientras los inversores vigilan a Ir\u00e1n, los precios del petr\u00f3leo y los bancos centrales<\/li><\/a><li><a href='https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/es\/el-centro-de-italia-muestra-signos-de-recuperacion-las-lluvias-traen-esperanza-tras-anos-de-sequia'>El centro de Italia muestra signos de recuperaci\u00f3n: las lluvias traen esperanza tras a\u00f1os de sequ\u00eda<\/li><\/a><\/ul><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Reformas con \u00e9xito<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thatcher estudiaba en Oxford cuando <a href=\"https:\/\/mises.org\/library\/book\/road-serfdom\"><em>Camino de servidumbre<\/em><\/a> de Friedrich A. von Hayek, y le caus\u00f3 un gran impacto. Tambi\u00e9n fue una \u00e1vida lectora de otras obras de Hayek. Poco despu\u00e9s de ser elegida l\u00edder del Partido Conservador en 1975, asisti\u00f3 a una reuni\u00f3n en el departamento de investigaci\u00f3n del Partido. Cuando uno de los participantes mencion\u00f3 la \u00abv\u00eda intermedia\u00bb, meti\u00f3 la mano en su malet\u00edn, sac\u00f3 <em>La Constituci\u00f3n de la Libertad<\/em> de Hayek, lo levant\u00f3, lo golpe\u00f3 contra la mesa y exclam\u00f3: \u00abEsto es lo que creemos\u00bb. De hecho, cuando Thatcher se convirti\u00f3 en primera ministra en 1979, puso en marcha un ambicioso y finalmente exitoso programa de estabilizaci\u00f3n, liberalizaci\u00f3n y privatizaci\u00f3n. Puso al descubierto el desempleo que hasta entonces se hab\u00eda ocultado en empresas no rentables sostenidas por subvenciones p\u00fablicas, el \u00abcapitalismo en la tienda de ox\u00edgeno\u00bb, seg\u00fan la acertada frase de Joseph Schumpeter. Su ideal era una democracia accionarial en la que todos los ciudadanos participaran.     <\/p>\n<h3 style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La fortuna favorece a los valientes<\/h3>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Estaba en Oxford a principios de la d\u00e9cada de 1980. Cuando uno de mis profesores, el fil\u00f3sofo del derecho Ronald Dworkin, en una conferencia la culp\u00f3 del aumento del desempleo, levant\u00e9 la mano y pregunt\u00e9: \u00ab\u00bfPero el desempleo a corto plazo no se debe a un mercado laboral inflexible, y no se reducir\u00e1 a largo plazo con el crecimiento econ\u00f3mico?\u00bb. Dworkin respondi\u00f3 con una amplia sonrisa: &#8216;Pero es que tarda mucho&#8217;. De hecho, poco despu\u00e9s la econom\u00eda empez\u00f3 a crecer y el desempleo disminuy\u00f3. Como observ\u00f3 el dramaturgo romano Terencio, <em>Fortes fortuna adiuvat,<\/em> La fortuna favorece a los valientes.  <\/p>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Margaret Thatcher naci\u00f3 el 13 de octubre de 1925. Apropiadamente, el think tank bruselense New Direction celebra su centenario en Roma el 11 de diciembre, entregando los primeros Premios Margaret Thatcher. Conoc\u00ed a Thatcher en varias ocasiones, como en cenas ofrecidas por los J\u00f3venes Conservadores de Londres y la Fundaci\u00f3n Heritage de Washington DC, y [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":46735,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[177],"tags":[1000,1718,599,1080,915],"editorial-positions":[],"regions":[363],"types":[452],"class_list":["post-46899","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cultura-es","tag-conservatism","tag-england","tag-european-union","tag-liberty","tag-thatcher","regions-western-europe-es","types-opinion-es"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>La Dama de Hierro, 1925-2025 - The Conservative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/es\/la-dama-de-hierro-1925-2025\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La Dama de Hierro, 1925-2025 - The Conservative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Margaret Thatcher naci\u00f3 el 13 de octubre de 1925. 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