{"id":37565,"date":"2025-01-06T08:47:02","date_gmt":"2025-01-06T08:47:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/novogodisnja-ocekivanja-migranata-i-izbjeglica"},"modified":"2025-01-06T08:47:02","modified_gmt":"2025-01-06T08:47:02","slug":"novogodisnja-ocekivanja-migranata-i-izbjeglica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/hr\/novogodisnja-ocekivanja-migranata-i-izbjeglica","title":{"rendered":"Novogodi\u0161nja o\u010dekivanja migranata i izbjeglica"},"content":{"rendered":"

Politika Europske unije vezana uz migrante i izbjeglice jedno je od najzna\u010dajnijih o\u010dekivanja u novoj godini u smislu klju\u010dnih doga\u0111aja. Europski parlament je 11. prosinca objavio studiju<\/a> o novim pristupima integraciji tr\u017ei\u0161ta rada, koja zaslu\u017euje detaljnu analizu. Njegov autor, prof. Francesco Fasani sa Sveu\u010dili\u0161ta u Milanu, po\u010dinje isticanjem nekih klju\u010dnih \u010dinjenica: prije dvije godine ukupna imigracija u Europskoj uniji iznosila je ve\u0107 9,2% njezinog stanovni\u0161tva, a imigracija izvan EU iznosila je 6,1%. U apsolutnom smislu, od 1. sije\u010dnja 2023. najve\u0107i broj nedr\u017eavljana s prebivali\u0161tem u dr\u017eavama \u010dlanicama EU-a bio je u Njema\u010dkoj (12,3 milijuna), \u0160panjolskoj (6,1 milijun), Francuskoj (5,6 milijuna) i Italiji (5,1 milijun). Ove \u010detiri dr\u017eave \u010dlanice zajedno \u010dine 70,6% svih nedr\u017eavljana koji \u017eive u EU. Prof. Fasani procjenjuje ilegalnu imigraciju izme\u0111u 1 i 3 milijuna ljudi. Takva razina migranata bez dokumenata u EU \u010dini se prili\u010dno niskom (2,4%). Status zaposlenja op\u0107enito se smatra najva\u017enijim pokazateljem (ekonomske) integracije tr\u017ei\u0161ta rada; me\u0111utim, kvaliteta posla tako\u0111er je klju\u010dni element procesa integracije. Takva kvaliteta posla uklju\u010duje pla\u0107e, uvjete rada, vrstu ugovora, radno vrijeme i uskla\u0111enost poslova s \u200b\u200bvje\u0161tinama i kvalifikacijama radnika. Stopa nezaposlenosti gra\u0111ana izvan EU-a bila je u prosjeku 12,2 % od 1. sije\u010dnja 2023. Unato\u010d tome, postoje velike razlike u zapo\u0161ljavanju gra\u0111ana izvan EU-a me\u0111u dr\u017eavama \u010dlanicama, sa stopama koje se kre\u0107u od 87,4 % na Malti do 50 % u Belgiji, gdje svaki drugi gra\u0111anin izvan EU je nezaposlen! Kako bi se ekonomski integrirali imigranti, prof. Fasani navodi devet izazova: jezi\u010dne, obrazovne i zapo\u0161ljive prepreke; stambena segregacija; ograni\u010dena pregovara\u010dka mo\u0107; diskriminacija i neprijateljski stavovi; pristup socijalnoj dr\u017eavi; te dizajn politike migracije i azila. Obrazovne prepreke uklju\u010duju nepriznavanje stranih kvalifikacija, posebice u reguliranim zanimanjima, ali i nereguliranim. Prepreke zapo\u0161ljivosti mogu se prevladati kroz individualizirane planove integracije na tr\u017ei\u0161te rada, koji zauzvrat smanjuju utjecaj na tro\u0161kove socijalne skrbi. Stambena segregacija je negativno konotiran izraz za opisivanje etni\u010dkih enklava u zemlji doma\u0107inu. S jedne strane, stvara pozitivne mre\u017ee u kratkom roku, ali i rizik od geta u srednjoro\u010dnom razdoblju, s potencijalnim u\u010dincima na sigurnost u susjedstvu i kriminal koje prof. Fasani izgleda zanemaruje. Pregovara\u010dka mo\u0107 je u korelaciji s pla\u0107ama, elementom kvalitete posla, kao i s drugim radnim uvjetima. Vizni programi koje sponzoriraju poslodavci mogu poslodavcima dati monopsonisti\u010dku mo\u0107 i na kraju zaklju\u010dati migrante na jednom poslu. Kako bi se smanjila diskriminacija, prof. Fasani predla\u017ee afirmativne mjere, ali ne daje nikakve objektivne podatke o prednostima i negativnim u\u010dincima takvog polemi\u010dkog pristupa. Usput, eufemizam za afirmativnu akciju je promicanje \u201eraznolikosti\u201c. Jo\u0161 jedna opcija koju predla\u017ee autor studije je zakonsko nametanje slijepog zapo\u0161ljavanja, koje se naziva i “anonimizacija”, \u0161to je opet suprotno na\u010delu slobodnog tr\u017ei\u0161ta. Prof. Fasani navodi da migranti u EU vi\u0161e doprinose javnim financijama nego \u0161to dobivaju. <\/p>\n

S druge strane, priznaje da, barem kratkoro\u010dno, socijalne naknade mogu smanjiti stope zaposlenosti smanjenjem poticaja za rad. Za obje teze nisu navedeni kvantitativni podaci. Studija promi\u010de legalizaciju migranata i izbjeglica kao dizajn politike, ali prije putem naturalizacije, a ne dodjele privremenih viza. Deportacija se smatra nezakonitom, nehumanom i neprakti\u010dnom. Kona\u010dno, prof. Fasani tako\u0111er promovira politiku prema tra\u017eiteljima azila kroz smje\u0161taj u podru\u010dja s jakim uvjetima na tr\u017ei\u0161tu rada i kratka razdoblja za odobravanje azila. Nije ni \u010dudo da studija brani ulogu socijalnih partnera i \u201cdrugih privatnih organizacija\u201d. Ovo je tre\u0107i eufemizam u tekstu, koji u ovom slu\u010daju odgovara nevladinim organizacijama, \u010dije poslovanje u EU u kona\u010dnici ovisi o proliferaciji analiza poput one prof. Fasanija. Izvor slike: Vije\u0107e Europske unije <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Politika Europske unije vezana uz migrante i izbjeglice jedno je od najzna\u010dajnijih o\u010dekivanja u novoj godini u smislu klju\u010dnih doga\u0111aja. Europski parlament je 11. prosinca objavio studiju o novim pristupima integraciji tr\u017ei\u0161ta rada, koja zaslu\u017euje detaljnu analizu. Njegov autor, prof. Francesco Fasani sa Sveu\u010dili\u0161ta u Milanu, po\u010dinje isticanjem nekih klju\u010dnih \u010dinjenica: prije dvije godine ukupna […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":37413,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[186],"tags":[],"editorial-positions":[],"regions":[330,336,343,354],"types":[450,439],"class_list":["post-37565","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eseji","regions-central-europe-hr","regions-eastern-europe-hr","regions-northern-europe-hr","regions-southern-europe-hr","types-opinion-hr","types-surveys-hr"],"yoast_head":"\nNovogodi\u0161nja o\u010dekivanja migranata i izbjeglica - The Conservative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/hr\/novogodisnja-ocekivanja-migranata-i-izbjeglica\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hr_HR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Novogodi\u0161nja o\u010dekivanja migranata i izbjeglica - The Conservative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Politika Europske unije vezana uz migrante i izbjeglice jedno je od najzna\u010dajnijih o\u010dekivanja u novoj godini u smislu klju\u010dnih doga\u0111aja. Europski parlament je 11. prosinca objavio studiju o novim pristupima integraciji tr\u017ei\u0161ta rada, koja zaslu\u017euje detaljnu analizu. Njegov autor, prof. Francesco Fasani sa Sveu\u010dili\u0161ta u Milanu, po\u010dinje isticanjem nekih klju\u010dnih \u010dinjenica: prije dvije godine ukupna […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/hr\/novogodisnja-ocekivanja-migranata-i-izbjeglica\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Conservative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-01-06T08:47:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Consilium.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"851\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"551\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ana Toledano\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napisao\/la\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ana Toledano\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Procijenjeno vrijeme \u010ditanja\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/hr\/novogodisnja-ocekivanja-migranata-i-izbjeglica#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/hr\/novogodisnja-ocekivanja-migranata-i-izbjeglica\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ana Toledano\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/hr#\/schema\/person\/858c7347bed79812f167ed9728bf6c19\"},\"headline\":\"Novogodi\u0161nja o\u010dekivanja migranata i izbjeglica\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-06T08:47:02+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/hr\/novogodisnja-ocekivanja-migranata-i-izbjeglica\"},\"wordCount\":636,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/hr\/novogodisnja-ocekivanja-migranata-i-izbjeglica#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Consilium.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Eseji\"],\"inLanguage\":\"hr\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/hr\/novogodisnja-ocekivanja-migranata-i-izbjeglica\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/hr\/novogodisnja-ocekivanja-migranata-i-izbjeglica\",\"name\":\"Novogodi\u0161nja o\u010dekivanja migranata i izbjeglica - 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