- Momentul suveranit\u0103\u021bii digitale a Italiei: transformarea dependen\u021bei \u00een oportunitate<\/li><\/a>
- Cump\u0103r\u0103torii str\u0103ini alimenteaz\u0103 boom-ul imobiliar de lux din Italia \u00een 2026<\/li><\/a>
- Parlamentul European aprob\u0103 cea mai strict\u0103 lege privind migra\u021bia din istoria UE<\/li><\/a><\/ul><\/div>\n
\n
„Pre\u0219edin\u021bia spaniol\u0103 a Consiliului Uniunii Europene consider\u0103 c\u0103 intrarea Bulgariei \u0219i a Rom\u00e2niei \u00een Schengen este una dintre priorit\u0103\u021bile sale \u0219i va lucra pentru a ajunge la un consens \u00een acest sens”, a declarat ambasadorul spaniol la Sofia, Alejandro Polanco.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n
Dar, \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te chestiunile de securitate european\u0103, Spania dore\u0219te, de asemenea, o reform\u0103 a pactului privind migra\u021bia, cu un „echilibru \u00eentre solidaritate \u0219i responsabilitate” a statelor membre. <\/span><\/p>\n
„Acest lucru va necesita un compromis \u0219i „flexibilitate din partea unor \u021b\u0103ri”, a declarat Polanco la lansarea pre\u0219edin\u021biei spaniole la Sofia.<\/p>\n
„A\u0219 spune c\u0103 aderarea Bulgariei la Schengen \u00een 2023 r\u0103m\u00e2ne principalul obiectiv al guvernului”, a comentat ulterior Mariya Gabriel.<\/p>\n
„Cont\u0103m pe o cooperare str\u00e2ns\u0103 cu pre\u0219edin\u021bia spaniol\u0103” \u0219i continu\u0103m dialogul cu \u021b\u0103rile care trebuie convinse”, a declarat vicepremierul \u0219i ministrul de Externe, Mariya Gabriel, \u00een numele gazdelor, citat de Dnevnik. Evident, se referea la \u021a\u0103rile de Jos \u0219i la Austria.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
La ultimul vot \u00een Consiliu, Olanda a condi\u021bionat decizia \u021b\u0103rii sale de ultima evaluare a UE privind statul de drept \u00een Bulgaria, \u00een timp ce Austria a f\u0103cut cereri c\u0103tre UE privind politica de migra\u021bie \u0219i protec\u021bia frontierelor externe.<\/p>\n
Pre\u0219edin\u021bia spaniol\u0103 are patru priorit\u0103\u021bi principale. Plus Ucraina<\/b><\/h3>\n
Aceasta este a cincea oar\u0103 c\u00e2nd Spania de\u021bine pre\u0219edin\u021bia din 1986 (c\u00e2nd \u021bara a aderat la blocul comunitar) \u0219i ultima dat\u0103 c\u00e2nd de\u021bine pre\u0219edin\u021bia deplin\u0103 \u00eenainte de alegerile pentru Parlamentul European din prim\u0103vara anului 2024. Priorit\u0103\u021bile \u0219i logo-ul actualei pre\u0219edin\u021bii spaniole a Uniunii Europene au fost prezentate \u00een iunie 2023 de c\u0103tre premierul spaniol, Pedro S\u00e1nchez: promovarea reindustrializ\u0103rii Europei, avansarea tranzi\u021biei ecologice, consolidarea pilonului social \u0219i \u00eent\u0103rirea unit\u0103\u021bii europene, toate sub deviza „Europa mai aproape”.<\/p>\n
\u00cen timpul pre\u0219edin\u021biei spaniole a UE, se preconizeaz\u0103 organizarea unui summit cu vecinii din sudul UE pentru a discuta despre migra\u021bie, alimente, securitate energetic\u0103 \u0219i probleme climatice. Urm\u0103toarea reuniune a Comunit\u0103\u021bii Politice Europene, care reune\u0219te UE cu \u021b\u0103rile din Europa de Est \u0219i de Sud-Est, Marea Britanie \u0219i Turcia, va avea loc \u00eentre5<\/sup> \u0219i6<\/sup> octombrie la Granada.<\/p>\n
Dar r\u0103zboiul din Ucraina \u0219i procesul de aderare a Ucrainei la UE sunt, de asemenea, prioritare pe agenda pentru urm\u0103toarele 6 luni.<\/p>\n
<\/span>„Din punctul de vedere al Uniunii Europene \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te aderarea Ucrainei, prezen\u021ba mea \u00een prima zi a acestei pre\u0219edin\u021bii semestriale (…) demonstreaz\u0103 un angajament politic clar \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 echivoc din partea institu\u021biilor UE”, a declarat Pedro Sanchez, \u00een cadrul unei conferin\u021be de pres\u0103 comune cu pre\u0219edintele Volodimir Zelenski, la 1iulie<\/sup>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u00cen lunile urm\u0103toare ar trebui s\u0103 se \u00eenregistreze progrese \u0219i \u00een negocierile pentru noul pact privind migra\u021bia. La \u00eenceputul lunii iunie, Consiliul Uniunii Europene a f\u0103cut un pas decisiv \u00een direc\u021bia moderniz\u0103rii normelor UE \u00een materie de azil \u0219i migra\u021bie, convenind asupra unei pozi\u021bii de negociere cu privire la regulamentul privind procedura de azil \u0219i la regulamentul privind gestionarea azilului \u0219i a migra\u021biei. Aceast\u0103 pozi\u021bie va sta la baza negocierilor Pre\u0219edin\u021biei Consiliului cu Parlamentul European \u0219i a fost salutat\u0103 at\u00e2t de pre\u0219edintele Comisiei Europene, Ursula von der Leyen, c\u00e2t \u0219i de pre\u0219edintele Parlamentului European, Roberta Metsola.<\/p>\n
Ambele acte legislative cu privire la care Consiliul a ajuns la o abordare general\u0103 fac parte din Pactul privind migra\u021bia \u0219i azilul, care const\u0103 \u00eentr-un set de propuneri de reformare a normelor UE privind migra\u021bia \u0219i azilul. Acest nou Pact privind migra\u021bia \u0219i azilul din23<\/sup> septembrie 2020 a fost \u00eenso\u021bit de o serie de propuneri legislative. Printre acestea se num\u0103r\u0103 un regulament privind azilul \u0219i gestionarea migra\u021biei \u0219i o modificare a propunerii din 2016 de regulament privind procedura de azil.<\/p>\n
Noul pact privind migra\u021bia va aduce o procedur\u0103 comun\u0103 \u00een \u00eentreaga UE<\/b><\/h3>\n
Regulamentul privind procedura de azil (APR) stabile\u0219te o procedur\u0103 comun\u0103 la nivelul UE pe care statele membre trebuie s\u0103 o urmeze atunci c\u00e2nd persoanele solicit\u0103 protec\u021bie interna\u021bional\u0103. Aceasta ra\u021bionalizeaz\u0103 dispozi\u021biile procedurale (de exemplu, durata procedurii) \u0219i stabile\u0219te standarde pentru drepturile solicitan\u021bilor de azil (de exemplu, accesul la un interpret sau dreptul la asisten\u021b\u0103 \u0219i reprezentare juridic\u0103).<\/p>\n
Regulamentul urm\u0103re\u0219te, de asemenea, s\u0103 previn\u0103 abuzul de sistem prin stabilirea unor obliga\u021bii clare pentru solicitan\u021bi de a coopera cu autorit\u0103\u021bile pe tot parcursul procedurii. RPA introduce, de asemenea, proceduri obligatorii la frontier\u0103 cu scopul de a evalua rapid la frontierele externe ale UE dac\u0103 cererile sunt nefondate sau inadmisibile. Persoanele care fac obiectul procedurii de azil la frontier\u0103 nu sunt autorizate s\u0103 intre pe teritoriul statului membru.<\/p>\n
Procedura la frontier\u0103 se aplic\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd un solicitant de azil depune o cerere la un punct de trecere a frontierei externe, \u00een urma re\u021binerii \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu o trecere ilegal\u0103 a frontierei \u0219i \u00een urma debarc\u0103rii dup\u0103 o opera\u021biune de c\u0103utare \u0219i salvare. Procedura este obligatorie pentru statele membre \u00een cazul \u00een care solicitantul reprezint\u0103 un pericol pentru securitatea na\u021bional\u0103 sau pentru ordinea public\u0103, dac\u0103 acesta a indus \u00een eroare autorit\u0103\u021bile cu informa\u021bii false sau prin ascunderea de informa\u021bii \u0219i dac\u0103 solicitantul are o na\u021bionalitate cu o rat\u0103 de recunoa\u0219tere mai mic\u0103 de 20%. Durata total\u0103 a procedurii de azil \u0219i de returnare la frontier\u0103 nu ar trebui s\u0103 dep\u0103\u0219easc\u0103 6 luni. Pentru a efectua procedurile la frontier\u0103, statele membre trebuie s\u0103 stabileasc\u0103 o capacitate adecvat\u0103 de primire \u0219i de resurse umane pentru a examina un num\u0103r identificat de cereri \u0219i pentru a pune \u00een aplicare deciziile de returnare la un moment dat.<\/p>\n
La nivelul UE, aceast\u0103 capacitate adecvat\u0103 este de 30 000 de persoane. Capacitatea adecvat\u0103 a fiec\u0103rui stat membru va fi determinat\u0103 pe baza unei formule care ia \u00een considerare num\u0103rul de treceri neregulamentare ale frontierei \u0219i de refuzuri de intrare pe o perioad\u0103 de trei ani.<\/p>\n
Regulamentul privind gestionarea azilului \u0219i migra\u021biei (AMMR) ar trebui s\u0103 \u00eenlocuiasc\u0103 actualul Regulament Dublin, odat\u0103 ce va fi aprobat. Regulamentul Dublin stabile\u0219te normele care determin\u0103 care este statul membru responsabil de examinarea unei cereri de azil. AMMR va ra\u021bionaliza aceste norme \u0219i va scurta termenele limit\u0103. De exemplu, actuala procedur\u0103 complex\u0103 de preluare, care are ca scop transferul unui solicitant \u00eenapoi \u00een statul membru responsabil pentru cererea sa, va fi \u00eenlocuit\u0103 cu o simpl\u0103 notificare de preluare.<\/p>\n
Pentru a echilibra sistemul actual, \u00een care c\u00e2teva state membre sunt responsabile pentru marea majoritate a cererilor de azil, se propune un nou mecanism de solidaritate care este simplu, previzibil \u0219i func\u021bional. Noile norme combin\u0103 solidaritatea obligatorie cu flexibilitatea pentru statele membre de a alege contribu\u021biile individuale. Aceste contribu\u021bii includ relocarea, contribu\u021bii financiare sau m\u0103suri alternative de solidaritate, cum ar fi desf\u0103\u0219urarea de personal sau m\u0103suri de consolidare a capacit\u0103\u021bilor. Statele membre au libertate deplin\u0103 \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te tipul de solidaritate cu care contribuie. Niciun stat membru nu va fi obligat vreodat\u0103 s\u0103 se relocheze.<\/p>\n
Va exista un num\u0103r minim anual de reloc\u0103ri din statele membre \u00een care majoritatea persoanelor intr\u0103 \u00een UE c\u0103tre state membre mai pu\u021bin expuse la astfel de sosiri. Acest num\u0103r este stabilit la 30.000, \u00een timp ce num\u0103rul minim anual pentru contribu\u021biile financiare va fi stabilit la 20.000 de euro pentru fiecare relocare. Aceste cifre pot fi majorate dac\u0103 este necesar, iar situa\u021biile \u00een care nu se prevede nicio nevoie de solidaritate \u00eentr-un anumit an vor fi, de asemenea, luate \u00een considerare.<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/barbed-wire-fence.jpg\")
<\/p>\nPentru a compensa un eventual deficit \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te num\u0103rul de reloc\u0103ri promise, compensa\u021bia pentru responsabilitate va fi disponibil\u0103 ca o m\u0103sur\u0103 de solidaritate de rang secundar \u00een favoarea statelor membre care beneficiaz\u0103 de solidaritate.<\/p>\n
AMMR con\u021bine, de asemenea, m\u0103suri menite s\u0103 previn\u0103 abuzurile din partea solicitantului de azil \u0219i s\u0103 evite mi\u0219c\u0103rile secundare (atunci c\u00e2nd un migrant p\u0103r\u0103se\u0219te \u021bara de sosire pentru a c\u0103uta protec\u021bie sau relocarea permanent\u0103 \u00een alt\u0103 parte). De exemplu, regulamentul stabile\u0219te obliga\u021bia solicitan\u021bilor de azil de a depune cererile \u00een statele membre \u00een care au intrat prima dat\u0103 sau \u00een care \u00ee\u0219i au re\u0219edin\u021ba legal\u0103. Aceasta descurajeaz\u0103 mi\u0219c\u0103rile secundare prin limitarea posibilit\u0103\u021bilor de \u00eencetare sau de transfer de responsabilitate \u00eentre statele membre \u0219i, astfel, reduce posibilit\u0103\u021bile solicitantului de a alege statul membru \u00een care s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i depun\u0103 cererea.<\/p>\n
Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 unele dezacorduri \u00eentre statele membre, chestiunile legate de migra\u021bie creeaz\u0103, de asemenea, tensiuni interne. Problema limit\u0103rii migra\u021biei a fost cea care, dup\u0103 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni de negocieri, a dus la c\u0103derea guvernului olandez condus de Mark Rutte.<\/p>\n
Rutte a anun\u021bat demisia guvernului s\u0103u de coali\u021bie, invoc\u00e2nd divergen\u021be „insurmontabile” dup\u0103 negocieri aprinse \u00eentre cele patru partide aflate la guvernare pe tema politicii privind refugia\u021bii. <\/span>Un efort al partidului conservator VVD al lui Rutte de a limita fluxul de solicitan\u021bi de azil \u00een Olanda a divizat guvernul de coali\u021bie format din patru partide, deoarece dou\u0103 partide de rang inferior au refuzat s\u0103 sprijine propunerile sale. Tensiunile au atins punctul culminant atunci c\u00e2nd Rutte a cerut sprijin pentru o propunere de a limita intrarea copiilor refugia\u021bilor de r\u0103zboi afla\u021bi deja \u00een Olanda \u0219i de a obliga familiile s\u0103 a\u0219tepte cel pu\u021bin doi ani \u00eenainte de a se reuni, potrivit Reuters.<\/p>\n
Un scurt istoric al ader\u0103rii Rom\u00e2niei \u0219i Bulgariei la Schengen<\/b><\/h3>\n
Aderarea Rom\u00e2niei \u0219i Bulgariei la spa\u021biul Schengen nu s-a aflat pe agenda ultimei reuniuni a pre\u0219edin\u021biei suedeze a Consiliului mini\u0219trilor de interne din iunie, de\u0219i s-a discutat despre situa\u021bia spa\u021biului de liber\u0103 circula\u021bie. Cu toate acestea, Comisia European\u0103 continu\u0103 s\u0103 dea asigur\u0103ri c\u0103 aderarea Rom\u00e2niei \u0219i Bulgariei la spa\u021biul Schengen \u00een 2023 r\u0103m\u00e2ne o prioritate, iar comisarul european pentru afaceri interne, suedeza Ylva Johansson, a declarat \u00een repetate r\u00e2nduri c\u0103 va face tot ce \u00eei st\u0103 \u00een putin\u021b\u0103 pentru a avea o decizie favorabil\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul acestui an. <\/span><\/p>\n
Dezam\u0103girea rom\u00e2nilor fa\u021b\u0103 de refuzul Austriei de a vota aderarea la Schengen pe8<\/sup> decembrie 2022 s-a transformat \u00een ac\u021biune. \u00cen zilele care au urmat votului din Consiliul JAI, pe re\u021belele de socializare au circulat apeluri la boicot, imagini cu b\u0103nci cu capital austriac care au t\u0103iat cardurile \u0219i promisiuni c\u0103 sta\u021biunile de schi austriece nu vor mai avea clien\u021bi rom\u00e2ni. \u00cen acela\u0219i timp, \u00een Bulgaria vecin\u0103, cu care Rom\u00e2nia este tratat\u0103 ca un „pachet” \u00een chestiunea Schengen, o parte a popula\u021biei, s\u0103tul\u0103 s\u0103 fie tratat\u0103 ca „clasa a doua” \u00een Europa, cere formarea unui „Mic Schengen”, care s\u0103 includ\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia \u0219i Turcia.<\/p>\n
\u00cendeplinirea de c\u0103tre Rom\u00e2nia a criteriilor stabilite \u00een acquis-ul Schengen a fost recunoscut\u0103 la9<\/sup> iunie 2011, \u00een cadrul reuniunii Consiliului Justi\u021bie \u0219i Afaceri Interne. \u00cenainte de aceasta, la8<\/sup> iunie 2011, Parlamentul European a dat un aviz favorabil proiectului de decizie privind aderarea Rom\u00e2niei \u0219i Bulgariei la Schengen. Finalizarea cu succes de c\u0103tre Rom\u00e2nia a m\u0103surilor prev\u0103zute \u00een acquis-ul Schengen a fost confirmat\u0103 \u0219i de Consiliul European (13-14<\/sup> decembrie 2012).<\/p>\n
„Aderarea la spa\u021biul Schengen este un drept \u0219i o obliga\u021bie asumat\u0103 prin Tratatul de aderare la UE (art. 4 din Protocolul privind condi\u021biile \u0219i modalit\u0103\u021bile de admitere a Republicii Bulgaria \u0219i a Rom\u00e2niei \u00een Uniunea European\u0103, anexat la Tratatul de aderare a Rom\u00e2niei \u0219i Bulgariei), Rom\u00e2nia dorind s\u0103 participe la toate formele de cooperare \u00een vederea aprofund\u0103rii integr\u0103rii europene. Rom\u00e2nia asigur\u0103 de facto securitatea frontierelor externe ale UE de la aderarea sa la UE, \u00een ianuarie 2007. Eliminarea controalelor la frontierele interne ale Uniunii Europene reprezint\u0103 unul dintre cele mai vizibile \u0219i importante efecte ale procesului de integrare european\u0103”, se arat\u0103 pe site-ul MAE rom\u00e2n.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Schimbarea pre\u0219edin\u021biei Consiliului Uniunii Europene ofer\u0103 Rom\u00e2niei \u0219i Bulgariei o nou\u0103 speran\u021b\u0103 de a adera la spa\u021biul Schengen p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul acestui an. De\u0219i Spania, care a preluat pre\u0219edin\u021bia rotativ\u0103 a UE la1 iulie, a f\u0103cut din extinderea spa\u021biului de liber\u0103 circula\u021bie o prioritate, nu exist\u0103 nicio garan\u021bie c\u0103 aceast\u0103 dorin\u021b\u0103 a Rom\u00e2niei \u0219i Bulgariei, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":4183,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[160],"tags":[727,815,599,244,536],"editorial-positions":[42],"regions":[329,338,346,355],"types":[417],"class_list":["post-13153","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politica","tag-bulgaria","tag-council-of-the-european-union","tag-european-union","tag-romania","tag-schengen","editorial-positions-focus","regions-central-europe-ro","regions-eastern-europe-ro","regions-northern-europe-ro","regions-southern-europe-ro","types-news-ro"],"yoast_head":"\n
Extinderea Schengen: o prioritate pentru Spania, dar nicio garan\u021bie pentru Rom\u00e2nia \u0219i Bulgaria - The Conservative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/extinderea-schengen-o-prioritate-pentru-spania-dar-nicio-garantie-pentru-romania-si-bulgaria\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Extinderea Schengen: o prioritate pentru Spania, dar nicio garan\u021bie pentru Rom\u00e2nia \u0219i Bulgaria - The Conservative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Schimbarea pre\u0219edin\u021biei Consiliului Uniunii Europene ofer\u0103 Rom\u00e2niei \u0219i Bulgariei o nou\u0103 speran\u021b\u0103 de a adera la spa\u021biul Schengen p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul acestui an. 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Cump\u0103r\u0103torii str\u0103ini alimenteaz\u0103 boom-ul imobiliar de lux din Italia \u00een 2026<\/li><\/a>