{"id":15895,"date":"2023-11-26T07:24:21","date_gmt":"2023-11-26T07:24:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva"},"modified":"2023-11-26T07:24:21","modified_gmt":"2023-11-26T07:24:21","slug":"societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva","title":{"rendered":"Societatea comercial\u0103 creeaz\u0103, nu doar dizolv\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Jurnal european: Budapesta, noiembrie 2021<\/h2>\n<p>Budapesta este unul dintre multele ora\u0219e europene care respir\u0103 istorie. Ini\u021bial, a fost format din dou\u0103 ora\u0219e, Buda \u0219i Pesta, situate pe malurile opuse ale Dun\u0103rii, populate de ungurii care, \u00een secolul al IX-lea, au ap\u0103rut brusc \u00een Europa, venind din stepele asiatice. Jefuit de invadatorii mongoli la mijlocul secolului al XIII-lea, Buda, capitala Regatului Ungariei, a devenit totu\u0219i un centru al culturii renascentiste, care s-a \u00eencheiat brusc c\u00e2nd a fost ocupat de otomani \u00een 1526. Cele dou\u0103 ora\u0219e au fost eliberate de habsburgi abia \u00een 1686. Acestea au fost unificate \u00eentr-un singur ora\u0219, Budapesta, \u00een 1873 \u0219i au format capitala comun\u0103 a Imperiului Austro-Ungar p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1918. Aceasta a fost epoca de aur a Budapestei, \u00een care au fost construite multe cl\u0103diri neoclasice magnifice, iar ora\u0219ul a devenit un centru vibrant \u0219i cosmopolit. Cu toate acestea, dup\u0103 Primul R\u0103zboi Mondial, Ungaria a pierdut dou\u0103 treimi din teritoriu, \u00een timp ce peste trei milioane de maghiari s-au trezit brusc supu\u0219i ai altor \u021b\u0103ri, \u00een principal Cehoslovacia \u0219i Rom\u00e2nia, dar \u0219i Iugoslavia. (Cam at\u00e2t despre autodeterminarea na\u021bional\u0103!) Monarhia nu a fost abolit\u0103 \u00een mod oficial, iar Mikl\u00f3s Horthy, amiral \u00een fosta marin\u0103 austro-ungar\u0103, a \u00een\u0103bu\u0219it o insurec\u021bie comunist\u0103 \u0219i a devenit regent. Iste\u021bii au observat c\u0103 Ungaria era o monarhie f\u0103r\u0103 rege, guvernat\u0103 de un amiral f\u0103r\u0103 marin\u0103, \u00eentr-o \u021bar\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 coast\u0103.<\/p>\n<h3>Trei economi\u0219ti maghiari<\/h3>\n<p>Mai mult, Ungaria aproape c\u0103 a devenit o \u021bar\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 g\u00e2nditori, pentru c\u0103 \u00een acele vremuri grele mul\u021bi scriitori \u0219i savan\u021bi originali \u0219i importan\u021bi s-au mutat \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate, inclusiv str\u0103lucitul romancier \u0219i polemist  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Darkness-at-Noon-Arthur-Koestler\/dp\/1501161318\/\">Arthur Koestler<\/a>, care mai t\u00e2rziu a devenit cel mai eficient intelectual anticomunist al R\u0103zboiului Rece,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Logic-Liberty-Michael-Polanyi\/dp\/0865971838\/\">  Michael Polanyi<\/a>, un chimist de renume, dar \u0219i un respectat filosof al \u0219tiin\u021bei \u0219i al societ\u0103\u021bii, \u0219i  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Subsistence-Exchange-Other-Essays-Forum-ebook\/dp\/B002WJM71C\/\">Peter Bauer<\/a>, un specialist \u00een dezvoltare economic\u0103, ridicat de Margaret Thatcher \u00een Camera Lorzilor. \u00cel cuno\u0219team personal pe lordul Bauer: ne \u00eent\u00e2lneam adesea la reuniunile Societ\u0103\u021bii Mont Pelerin, o academie interna\u021bional\u0103 de cercet\u0103tori fondat\u0103 de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Hayek-Life-1899-1950-Bruce-Caldwell\/dp\/0226816826\/\">Friedrich von Hayek<\/a> \u00een 1947. Bauer a fost un critic conving\u0103tor al ajutorului f\u0103r\u0103 dezvoltare care putea fi observat \u00een \u021b\u0103rile s\u0103race, dorind s\u0103 \u00eel \u00eenlocuiasc\u0103 cu dezvoltarea f\u0103r\u0103 ajutor, prin comer\u021b liber, investi\u021bii str\u0103ine \u0219i statul de drept. De altfel, al\u021bi doi economi\u0219ti maghiari cu viziuni politice foarte diferite au fost, \u00een anii 1960, consilieri influen\u021bi ai guvernelor laburiste britanice, Nicholas Kaldor \u0219i Thomas Balogh, ambii ajun\u0219i \u00een cele din urm\u0103 \u00een Camera Lorzilor. Erau cunoscu\u021bi sub numele de &#8222;Lorzii Budapestei&#8221;, deoarece Kaldor era gras \u0219i jovial \u0219i, prin urmare, evident, Buddha, \u00een timp ce Balogh era slab \u0219i nepl\u0103cut, adic\u0103 d\u0103un\u0103torul. L-am \u00eent\u00e2lnit odat\u0103 pe Kaldor. El a denun\u021bat monetarismul \u00eentr-o prelegere \u021binut\u0103 la Universitatea din Islanda la 18 iunie 1981, unde am pus c\u00e2teva \u00eentreb\u0103ri critice la care a r\u0103spuns politicos. Cu totul altceva este faptul c\u0103 sugestia lui Kaldor privind un impozit pe cheltuieli are unele merite.<\/p><div class='related_content'><span>RELATED<\/span><ul><li><a href='https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/pietele-se-mentin-stabile-investitorii-urmarind-iranul-pretul-petrolului-si-bancile-centrale'>Pie\u021bele se men\u021bin stabile, investitorii urm\u0103rind Iranul, pre\u021bul petrolului \u0219i b\u0103ncile centrale<\/li><\/a><li><a href='https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/europa-post-orban-si-ultima-femeie-ramasa-in-picioare'>Europa post-Orb\u00e1n \u0219i ultima femeie r\u0103mas\u0103 \u00een picioare<\/li><\/a><li><a href='https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/forumul-libertatii-2026-de-la-porto-alegre'>Forumul Libert\u0103\u021bii 2026 de la Porto Alegre<\/li><\/a><\/ul><\/div>\n<h3>Degustare de vinuri \u00een Budapesta<\/h3>\n<p>Dup\u0103 pr\u0103bu\u0219irea comunismului, Budapesta \u0219i-a rec\u0103p\u0103tat mult din farmecul de odinioar\u0103, iar eu am vizitat ora\u0219ul \u00een noiembrie 2021, \u00een calitate de oaspete al  <a href=\"https:\/\/danubeinstitute.hu\/\">Institutul Dun\u0103rii<\/a>, condus\u0103 cu pricepere de John O&#8217;Sullivan, care a fost consilier \u0219i redactor de discursuri pentru Margaret Thatcher, iar mai t\u00e2rziu editor la Radio Europa Liber\u0103 \u0219i apoi  <em>National Review<\/em>. John, un catolic practicant \u0219i un conservator grijuliu cu \u00eenclina\u021bii liberale clasice, a scris o carte remarcabil\u0103, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/President-Pope-Prime-Minister-Changed\/dp\/159698550X\/\"><em>The President, the Pope, and the Prime Minister<\/em><\/a>,  \u00een care sus\u021binea c\u0103 Uniunea Sovietic\u0103 a fost cu adev\u0103rat dobor\u00e2t\u0103 de coinciden\u021ba singular\u0103 ca trei anticomuni\u0219ti puternici \u0219i carismatici s\u0103 ocupe \u00een acela\u0219i timp func\u021biile de pre\u0219edinte al Statelor Unite, de \u0219ef al Bisericii Catolice \u0219i de prim-ministru al Regatului Unit, Ronald Reagan, Ioan Paul al II-lea (Karol Wojtyla) \u0219i Margaret Thatcher. Un prieten de-al meu, Richard Bolton, un colec\u021bionar \u0219i cunosc\u0103tor de vinuri, se afla la Budapesta \u00een acela\u0219i timp cu mine. A adus cu el c\u00e2teva sticle frumoase din marea sa colec\u021bie \u0219i am avut o dup\u0103-amiaz\u0103 memorabil\u0103 de degustare de vinuri la John, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu c\u00e2\u021biva sponsori ai institutului s\u0103u.<\/p>\n<p>Am petrecut c\u00e2teva zile \u00een Budapesta \u0219i a\u0219 recomanda cafenelele excelente din centru. Unul dintre ele, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thetimes.co.uk\/article\/hungarian-coffee-shop-idolises-uk-philosopher-sir-roger-scruton-657x2npl5\">Scruton<\/a>, este numit dup\u0103 filozoful \u0219i politologul englez Sir Roger Scruton, care are mul\u021bi admiratori \u00een Ungaria, inclusiv premierul Viktor Orb\u00e1n. (De altfel, Orb\u00e1n a urmat acela\u0219i colegiu din Oxford ca \u0219i mine, Pembroke, dar cu c\u00e2\u021biva ani mai t\u00e2rziu). Cu toate acestea, Budapesta este probabil cel mai bine cunoscut\u0103 pentru numeroasele b\u0103i termale care folosesc izvoarele calde ale ora\u0219ului. Cel mai mare \u0219i cel mai popular este Sz\u00e9chenyi, situat \u00een Parcul Municipal din Budapesta. Merit\u0103 o vizit\u0103. Din nou, \u00eentr-o sear\u0103, la Budapesta, am fost la restaurantul <a href=\"https:\/\/laurelbudapest.hu\/en\/fine-dining-restaurant\/\">Laurel<\/a>, un restaurant excelent de o stea Michelin. Decorul era modern, iar m\u00e2ncarea u\u0219oar\u0103 \u0219i gustoas\u0103, \u00een timp ce chelnerii erau prieteno\u0219i \u0219i veseli.<\/p>\n<h3>C\u00e2nd a ap\u0103rut liberalismul conservator?<\/h3>\n<p>La 8 noiembrie am vorbit la o \u00eent\u00e2lnire a Institutului Dun\u0103rii despre cartea mea \u00een dou\u0103 volume, <a href=\"https:\/\/newdirection.online\/2018-publications-pdf\/ND-ThinkersVol1-2020f.pdf\"><br \/>\n  <em>Dou\u0103zeci \u0219i patru de g\u00e2nditori conservatori \u0219i liberali<\/em><br \/>\n<\/a>. \u00cen discursul meu, i-am identificat pe John Locke, David Hume \u0219i Adam Smith ca fiind p\u0103rin\u021bii fondatori ai tradi\u021biei conservatoare-liberale, cu ap\u0103rarea societ\u0103\u021bii comerciale, dezvoltat\u0103 spontan \u0219i bazat\u0103 pe liberul schimb \u0219i pe proprietatea privat\u0103. Cu toate acestea, liberalismul conservator, ca tradi\u021bie separat\u0103, a fost articulat \u00een mod clar doar odat\u0103 cu r\u0103spunsul critic la Revolu\u021bia Francez\u0103 al lui Edmund Burke, Benjamin Constant \u0219i Alexis de Tocqueville. Revolu\u021bia britanic\u0103 din 1688 \u0219i Revolu\u021bia american\u0103 din 1776 au avut ca scop p\u0103strarea \u0219i extinderea libert\u0103\u021bilor existente, \u00een timp ce Revolu\u021bia francez\u0103 din 1789 \u0219i, mult mai t\u00e2rziu, Revolu\u021bia rus\u0103 din 1917, au fost \u00eencerc\u0103ri de a reconstrui societatea \u00een conformitate cu ideile lui Rousseau \u0219i, respectiv, Marx. Astfel de \u00eencerc\u0103ri erau sortite e\u0219ecului, dup\u0103 cum au demonstrat Ludwig von Mises \u0219i Hayek.<\/p>\n<p>Mi-am exprimat opinia c\u0103 Hayek este cel mai distins reprezentant modern al acestei tradi\u021bii conservatoare-liberale. Teoria sa privind ordinea spontan\u0103 a descris modul \u00een care coordonarea f\u0103r\u0103 comenzi era posibil\u0103 \u0219i chiar indispensabil\u0103, utiliz\u00e2nd at\u00e2t mecanismul pre\u021burilor, c\u00e2t \u0219i practici testate \u00een timp. Un alt g\u00e2nditor conservator-liberal intrigant a fost <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Rationalism-Politics-essays-Michael-Oakeshott\/dp\/0865970955\/\">Michael Oakeshott<\/a>, care a sus\u021binut c\u0103 omul modern a dob\u00e2ndit voin\u021ba \u0219i capacitatea de a face alegeri \u0219i c\u0103, \u00een consecin\u021b\u0103, societatea potrivit\u0103 pentru omul modern este cea \u00een care guvernul aplic\u0103 doar reguli generale (independente de scop) care permit indivizilor diferi\u021bi s\u0103 tr\u0103iasc\u0103 \u00een pace \u00eempreun\u0103.<\/p>\n<h3>Este ceva \u00een neregul\u0103 \u00een liberalismul clasic?<\/h3>\n<p>Doi cercet\u0103tori asocia\u021bi cu Institutul Dun\u0103rii, profesorul Ferenc H\u00f6rcher \u0219i Dr. David L. Dusenbury, au comentat prezentarea mea. Am\u00e2ndoi au criticat-o din punct de vedere conservator, de\u0219i au fost de acord c\u0103 conservatorii \u0219i liberalii ar trebui s\u0103 fie uni\u021bi \u00eempotriva socialismului. Li s-a p\u0103rut c\u0103 eu prezentam mai degrab\u0103 liberalismul clasic dec\u00e2t orice fel de conservatorism. Ceea ce a lipsit \u00een liberalismul clasic a fost \u00eens\u0103 sentimentul de comunitate, o con\u0219tientizare a numeroaselor leg\u0103turi \u0219i angajamente pe care oamenii le aveau \u00een virtutea identit\u0103\u021bii lor \u0219i nu a alegerilor lor. Ca r\u0103spuns, am subliniat c\u0103 mai ales Burke \u0219i Tocqueville erau foarte con\u0219tien\u021bi \u0219i favorabili unor astfel de leg\u0103turi \u0219i angajamente: ei au avut \u00een vedere o societate civil\u0103 vibrant\u0103, nu doar un stat atotputernic care se confrunt\u0103 cu indivizi separa\u021bi \u0219i, prin urmare, neputincio\u0219i. Este adev\u0103rat, am recunoscut, c\u0103 societatea comercial\u0103 poate dizolva sau cel pu\u021bin pune la \u00eendoial\u0103 unele comunit\u0103\u021bi tradi\u021bionale, dar \u00een acela\u0219i timp faciliteaz\u0103 crearea de noi comunit\u0103\u021bi. Cel mai bun exemplu a fost cel al familiei: vine o zi \u00een care \u00ee\u021bi p\u0103r\u0103se\u0219ti vechea familie \u0219i formezi una nou\u0103. Chiar \u0219i \u00een ceea ce pare a fi o jungl\u0103 de beton \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 inim\u0103, cum este New York City, exist\u0103 multe comunit\u0103\u021bi active, formate spontan, de\u0219i nu sunt \u00eentotdeauna vizibile la prima vedere.<\/p>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jurnal european: Budapesta, noiembrie 2021 Budapesta este unul dintre multele ora\u0219e europene care respir\u0103 istorie. Ini\u021bial, a fost format din dou\u0103 ora\u0219e, Buda \u0219i Pesta, situate pe malurile opuse ale Dun\u0103rii, populate de ungurii care, \u00een secolul al IX-lea, au ap\u0103rut brusc \u00een Europa, venind din stepele asiatice. Jefuit de invadatorii mongoli la mijlocul secolului [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":39,"featured_media":15460,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[183,160],"tags":[728,302,585,913,942],"editorial-positions":[],"regions":[329],"types":[456],"class_list":["post-15895","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cultura-ro","category-politica","tag-hungary","tag-conservative","tag-culture","tag-hayek","tag-scruton","regions-central-europe-ro","types-opinion-ro"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Societatea comercial\u0103 creeaz\u0103, nu doar dizolv\u0103 - The Conservative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Societatea comercial\u0103 creeaz\u0103, nu doar dizolv\u0103 - The Conservative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Jurnal european: Budapesta, noiembrie 2021 Budapesta este unul dintre multele ora\u0219e europene care respir\u0103 istorie. Ini\u021bial, a fost format din dou\u0103 ora\u0219e, Buda \u0219i Pesta, situate pe malurile opuse ale Dun\u0103rii, populate de ungurii care, \u00een secolul al IX-lea, au ap\u0103rut brusc \u00een Europa, venind din stepele asiatice. Jefuit de invadatorii mongoli la mijlocul secolului [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Conservative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/hannes.h.gissurarson\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-11-26T07:24:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Budapest.NickiEmmert-scaled.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1709\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Hannes Gissurarson\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@hannesgi\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Scris de\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Hannes Gissurarson\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Timp estimat pentru citire\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Hannes Gissurarson\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro#\/schema\/person\/6a33feaa77c6790be55f2e24d2e8e81c\"},\"headline\":\"Societatea comercial\u0103 creeaz\u0103, nu doar dizolv\u0103\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-11-26T07:24:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva\"},\"wordCount\":1437,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Budapest.NickiEmmert-scaled.jpeg\",\"keywords\":[\"#hungary\",\"conservative\",\"culture\",\"Hayek\",\"Scruton\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Cultur\u0103\",\"Politic\u0103\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva\",\"name\":\"Societatea comercial\u0103 creeaz\u0103, nu doar dizolv\u0103 - The Conservative\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Budapest.NickiEmmert-scaled.jpeg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-11-26T07:24:21+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro#\/schema\/person\/6a33feaa77c6790be55f2e24d2e8e81c\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Budapest.NickiEmmert-scaled.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Budapest.NickiEmmert-scaled.jpeg\",\"width\":2560,\"height\":1709,\"caption\":\"Parliament House, Budapest. Photo: NIcki Emmert.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Societatea comercial\u0103 creeaz\u0103, nu doar dizolv\u0103\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\",\"name\":\"The Conservative\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro#\/schema\/person\/6a33feaa77c6790be55f2e24d2e8e81c\",\"name\":\"Hannes Gissurarson\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9e35ec008b4bb8ebf13567ca87fda248d55593c0112346d10944b8e22a72ca3f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9e35ec008b4bb8ebf13567ca87fda248d55593c0112346d10944b8e22a72ca3f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Hannes Gissurarson\"},\"description\":\"Born in Reykjavik, Iceland, 1953. B.A. Philosophy and History, University of Iceland. M.A. History, University of Iceland. D.Phil. Politics, Oxford University, 1985. R.G. Collingwood Scholar, Pembroke College, 1984\u20131985. Professor of Politics, University of Iceland, 1988\u20132023. Board of Directors of Mont Pelerin Society, 1998\u20132004. Board of Central Bank of Iceland 2001\u20132009.\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/hannes.h.gissurarson\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/hannes1953\/\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/hannes-gissurarson-90485239\/\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/hannesgi\",\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hannes_Hlmsteinn_Gissurarson\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/author\/hanneseuaffeunat\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Societatea comercial\u0103 creeaz\u0103, nu doar dizolv\u0103 - The Conservative","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva","og_locale":"ro_RO","og_type":"article","og_title":"Societatea comercial\u0103 creeaz\u0103, nu doar dizolv\u0103 - The Conservative","og_description":"Jurnal european: Budapesta, noiembrie 2021 Budapesta este unul dintre multele ora\u0219e europene care respir\u0103 istorie. Ini\u021bial, a fost format din dou\u0103 ora\u0219e, Buda \u0219i Pesta, situate pe malurile opuse ale Dun\u0103rii, populate de ungurii care, \u00een secolul al IX-lea, au ap\u0103rut brusc \u00een Europa, venind din stepele asiatice. Jefuit de invadatorii mongoli la mijlocul secolului [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva","og_site_name":"The Conservative","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/hannes.h.gissurarson","article_published_time":"2023-11-26T07:24:21+00:00","og_image":[{"width":2560,"height":1709,"url":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Budapest.NickiEmmert-scaled.jpeg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Hannes Gissurarson","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@hannesgi","twitter_misc":{"Scris de":"Hannes Gissurarson","Timp estimat pentru citire":"7 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva"},"author":{"name":"Hannes Gissurarson","@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro#\/schema\/person\/6a33feaa77c6790be55f2e24d2e8e81c"},"headline":"Societatea comercial\u0103 creeaz\u0103, nu doar dizolv\u0103","datePublished":"2023-11-26T07:24:21+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva"},"wordCount":1437,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Budapest.NickiEmmert-scaled.jpeg","keywords":["#hungary","conservative","culture","Hayek","Scruton"],"articleSection":["Cultur\u0103","Politic\u0103"],"inLanguage":"ro-RO","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva","url":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva","name":"Societatea comercial\u0103 creeaz\u0103, nu doar dizolv\u0103 - The Conservative","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Budapest.NickiEmmert-scaled.jpeg","datePublished":"2023-11-26T07:24:21+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro#\/schema\/person\/6a33feaa77c6790be55f2e24d2e8e81c"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ro-RO","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ro-RO","@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Budapest.NickiEmmert-scaled.jpeg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Budapest.NickiEmmert-scaled.jpeg","width":2560,"height":1709,"caption":"Parliament House, Budapest. Photo: NIcki Emmert."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/societatea-comerciala-creeaza-nu-doar-dizolva#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Societatea comercial\u0103 creeaz\u0103, nu doar dizolv\u0103"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro#website","url":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro","name":"The Conservative","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ro-RO"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro#\/schema\/person\/6a33feaa77c6790be55f2e24d2e8e81c","name":"Hannes Gissurarson","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ro-RO","@id":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9e35ec008b4bb8ebf13567ca87fda248d55593c0112346d10944b8e22a72ca3f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/9e35ec008b4bb8ebf13567ca87fda248d55593c0112346d10944b8e22a72ca3f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Hannes Gissurarson"},"description":"Born in Reykjavik, Iceland, 1953. B.A. Philosophy and History, University of Iceland. M.A. History, University of Iceland. D.Phil. Politics, Oxford University, 1985. R.G. Collingwood Scholar, Pembroke College, 1984\u20131985. Professor of Politics, University of Iceland, 1988\u20132023. Board of Directors of Mont Pelerin Society, 1998\u20132004. Board of Central Bank of Iceland 2001\u20132009.","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/hannes.h.gissurarson","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/hannes1953\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/hannes-gissurarson-90485239\/","https:\/\/x.com\/hannesgi","https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hannes_Hlmsteinn_Gissurarson"],"url":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/author\/hanneseuaffeunat"}]}},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15895","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/39"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15895"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15895\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15460"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15895"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15895"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15895"},{"taxonomy":"editorial-positions","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/editorial-positions?post=15895"},{"taxonomy":"regions","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/regions?post=15895"},{"taxonomy":"types","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types?post=15895"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}