{"id":46964,"date":"2025-11-23T21:08:38","date_gmt":"2025-11-23T21:08:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/alegerile-prezidentiale-din-irlanda-reinnoire-democratica-sau-radicalism-in-ascensiune"},"modified":"2025-11-23T21:26:45","modified_gmt":"2025-11-23T21:26:45","slug":"alegerile-prezidentiale-din-irlanda-reinnoire-democratica-sau-radicalism-in-ascensiune","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/alegerile-prezidentiale-din-irlanda-reinnoire-democratica-sau-radicalism-in-ascensiune","title":{"rendered":"Alegerile preziden\u021biale din Irlanda: Re\u00eennoire democratic\u0103 sau radicalism \u00een ascensiune?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Alegerea lui Catherine Connolly ca al zecelea pre\u0219edinte al Irlandei, la 25 octombrie, nu a surprins pe nimeni care s\u0103 fie atent la modul \u00een care s-a desf\u0103\u0219urat cursa. Cu doar doi candida\u021bi pe buletinul de vot, rezultatul a fost stabilit cu mult \u00eenainte de ziua vot\u0103rii. Connolly a ob\u021binut 63,4 % din voturile valide la prima num\u0103r\u0103toare, l\u0103s\u00e2nd-o pe Heather Humphreys de la Fine Gael mult \u00een urm\u0103 \u0219i expun\u00e2nd oboseala cresc\u00e2nd\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 de ordinea politic\u0103 centrist\u0103 care a dominat statul timp de decenii. <\/p>\n

Marja sa de victorie va r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een istorie, dar la fel va r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u0219i num\u0103rul de persoane care au refuzat s\u0103 aprobe procesul. Un procent record de 12,9 % din buletinele de vot au fost anulate, cel mai mare din istoria statului \u0219i o cre\u0219tere de zece ori mai mare dec\u00e2t procentul de 1,2 % \u00eenregistrat la alegerile preziden\u021biale din 2018. Ceea ce ar fi trebuit s\u0103 fie o ceremonie electoral\u0103 de rutin\u0103 s-a transformat, \u00een schimb, \u00eentr-un referendum pentru a stabili dac\u0103 o mare parte a electoratului consider\u0103 sistemul legitim. <\/p>\n

Aceast\u0103 nemul\u021bumire a ap\u0103rut deja \u00een Oireachtas la 22 octombrie, c\u00e2nd liderul Aont\u00fa, Peadar T\u00f3ib\u00edn, a depus o mo\u021biune pentru revizuirea procesului de nominalizare preziden\u021bial\u0103. Conform Constitu\u021biei din 1937, poten\u021bialii candida\u021bi au nevoie de semn\u0103turile a 20 de membri ai Oireachtas sau a patru autorit\u0103\u021bi locale. T\u00f3ib\u00edn a sus\u021binut c\u0103 aceste cerin\u021be au fost concepute pentru a bloca „indezirabilii” \u0219i c\u0103 sistemul canalizeaz\u0103 efectiv aleg\u0103torii c\u0103tre op\u021biuni aprobate de establishment. „L\u0103sa\u021bi poporul s\u0103 aleag\u0103 pre\u0219edintele”, a spus el. Mul\u021bi aleg\u0103tori par s\u0103 fi \u00een\u021beles ideea. <\/p>\n

Propunerile dezb\u0103tute au inclus reducerea pragului de nominalizare at\u00e2t \u00een Oireachtas, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een autorit\u0103\u021bile locale \u0219i permiterea nominaliz\u0103rii publice prin 35 000 de semn\u0103turi verificate. Criticii au pus sub semnul \u00eentreb\u0103rii povara administrativ\u0103 a nominaliz\u0103rilor publice, \u00eens\u0103 sus\u021bin\u0103torii au afirmat c\u0103 acest lucru ar rupe \u00een sf\u00e2r\u0219it duopolul Fianna F\u00e1il-Fine Gael asupra scrutinului. Guvernul, reprezentat de ministrul James Browne, a \u00eencercat s\u0103 joace \u00een ambele tabere, semnal\u00e2nd c\u0103 nu are obiec\u021bii serioase, ascunz\u00e2ndu-se \u00een acela\u0219i timp \u00een spatele unor promisiuni vagi de revizuiri viitoare \u0219i posibile referendumuri. Laburistul Duncan Smith a replicat cu o linie familiar\u0103, insist\u00e2nd c\u0103 func\u021bia are nevoie de „gravitate” \u0219i c\u0103 accesul facil la vot ar diminua-o. Pentru mul\u021bi, aceasta a sunat ca un alt mod de a spune c\u0103 electoratul nu poate fi de \u00eencredere. <\/p>\n

Cre\u0219terea num\u0103rului de voturi anulate \u00ee\u0219i spune propria poveste. Concentrat \u00een unele p\u0103r\u021bi ale Dublinului \u0219i \u00een alte zone defavorizate, anali\u0219tii au identificat at\u00e2t voturi de protest spontane, c\u00e2t \u0219i organizate. Cu doar Connolly \u0219i Humphreys \u00een curs\u0103, concursul a p\u0103rut foarte bine organizat. Sondajele efectuate \u00eenainte de alegeri au sugerat c\u0103 49% dintre aleg\u0103tori nu se sim\u021beau reprezenta\u021bi de niciunul dintre candida\u021bi. Mai mult de jum\u0103tate doreau o relaxare a regulilor de nominalizare. La num\u0103rarea buletinelor de vot, mai mult de 213 000 au fost respinse – fiecare fiind un semnal direct al dezangaj\u0103rii fa\u021b\u0103 de o clas\u0103 politic\u0103 care nu a reu\u0219it s\u0103 ofere locuin\u021be, asisten\u021b\u0103 medical\u0103 sau securitate. <\/p>\n

Pentru conservatori, acest lucru era previzibil. Atunci c\u00e2nd elitele proiecteaz\u0103 un sistem care restr\u00e2nge posibilit\u0103\u021bile de alegere \u0219i apoi se comport\u0103 ca \u0219i cum toleran\u021ba public\u0103 ar fi nelimitat\u0103, eventualul recul tinde s\u0103 fie puternic. Victoria lui Connolly face parte din aceast\u0103 retragere, dar la fel este \u0219i respingerea procesului care a dus la ob\u021binerea ei. <\/p>\n

Connolly \u00eens\u0103\u0219i este o persoan\u0103 cunoscut\u0103: o TD independent\u0103 de 68 de ani din Galway West, aleas\u0103 \u00een D\u00e1il \u00een 2016 dup\u0103 o lung\u0103 carier\u0103 \u00een politica local\u0103. \u0218i-a construit o reputa\u021bie de independent\u0103, ader\u00e2nd frecvent la pozi\u021bii de st\u00e2nga \u0219i evit\u00e2nd structurile formale ale partidului. Campania a reflectat aceast\u0103 pozi\u021bie. \u00cen timp ce Humphreys a \u00eencercat s\u0103 prezinte stabilitate \u0219i continuitate fiscal\u0103, Connolly s-a axat pe teme de justi\u021bie social\u0103, e\u0219ecuri \u00een domeniul locuin\u021belor \u0219i urgen\u021be de mediu. \u00cen condi\u021biile \u00een care \u021bara era prins\u0103 \u00eentr-o criz\u0103 profund\u0103 a locuin\u021belor, iar guvernul era epuizat dup\u0103 ani de deriv\u0103, aceste teme au g\u0103sit un public receptiv. <\/p>\n

Campania sa a beneficiat de sprijinul Sinn F\u00e9in, care i-a oferit o baz\u0103 larg\u0103 pe st\u00e2nga. Ea a abordat problema reunific\u0103rii irlandeze cu aten\u021bie, semnal\u00e2nd sprijin f\u0103r\u0103 a recurge la retorica diviziv\u0103 care ar putea \u00eendep\u0103rta aleg\u0103torii de centru. Dar mandatul s\u0103u nu este at\u00e2t de profund pe c\u00e2t sugereaz\u0103 cifrele. \u00cen condi\u021biile \u00een care partidele de guvern\u0103m\u00e2nt nu au reu\u0219it s\u0103 cad\u0103 de acord asupra unui candidat unic. Dezbinarea din Fianna F\u00e1il a agravat aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie. Victoria lui Connolly este substan\u021bial\u0103 \u00een termeni procentuali, dar superficial\u0103 \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te sus\u021binerea. Mul\u021bi dintre cei care au votat pentru ea au f\u0103cut-o pentru c\u0103 nu a existat nicio alternativ\u0103 credibil\u0103. <\/p>\n

Reac\u021biile interna\u021bionale au variat de la \u00eengrijorare la critic\u0103 deschis\u0103. \u00cen cercurile UE, \u00eengrijorarea este direct\u0103: Connolly este sceptic cu privire la NATO, critic la adresa Bruxelles-ului \u0219i abraziv \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te politica extern\u0103. Aceste pozi\u021bii contravin unei UE din ce \u00een ce mai orientate c\u0103tre cadre de ap\u0103rare centralizate \u0219i alinierea politicii externe. Unele mass-media europene au prezentat victoria sa drept o nou\u0103 complica\u021bie pentru bloc. Le Monde a descris-o drept o sus\u021bin\u0103toare a reunific\u0103rii, cu o „r\u0103ceal\u0103” fa\u021b\u0103 de Bruxelles. The Guardian a subliniat bilan\u021bul s\u0103u de st\u00e2nga \u0219i criticile sale la adresa politicii occidentale \u00een Orientul Mijlociu, suger\u00e2nd posibile fric\u021biuni cu guvernele \u00eengrijorate de comentariile sale anterioare privind Israelul \u0219i Gaza. <\/p>\n

Comentariile sale de dup\u0103 7 octombrie – care au descris Israelul drept un „stat terorist” \u0219i au descris ini\u021bial Hamas ca f\u0103c\u00e2nd parte din „\u021besutul palestinian”, \u00eenainte de a se clarifica ulterior – au declan\u0219at critici din partea oficialilor israelieni \u0219i a comentatorilor pro-Israel. Times of Israel a caracterizat-o drept o „\u00eenving\u0103toare de extrem\u0103-st\u00e2nga” preg\u0103tit\u0103 s\u0103 amplifice relat\u0103rile ostile. Analizele americane au fost mai circumspecte, The Washington Post remarc\u00e2nd critica sa la adresa inegalit\u0103\u021bii globale \u0219i ridic\u00e2nd \u00een acela\u0219i timp \u00eentreb\u0103ri cu privire la modul \u00een care instinctele sale de politic\u0103 extern\u0103 se aliniaz\u0103 rela\u021biei Irlandei cu Statele Unite. <\/p>\n

\u00cen Marea Britanie, abordarea dominant\u0103 a fost aceea de a o prezenta ca o figur\u0103 \u00een stilul Corbyn. Eticheta „Jeremy Corbyn irlandez”, lansat\u0103 pentru prima dat\u0103 de tabloidele britanice, a fost repetat\u0103 \u00een toate publica\u021biile conservatoare. Daily Mail a publicat un profil care o numea „Corbyn al Dublinului”, subliniind pozi\u021bia sa anti-sistem \u0219i pozi\u021biile sale de politic\u0103 extern\u0103. The Spectator a mers mai departe, descriind alegerea ei ca fiind „un e\u0219ec pentru Irlanda”, acuz\u00e2nd electoratul c\u0103 a capitulat \u00een fa\u021ba „extremei st\u00e2ngi” \u0219i avertiz\u00e2nd asupra consecin\u021belor asupra \u00eencrederii \u00eentreprinderilor irlandeze. Jeremy Corbyn \u00eensu\u0219i a felicitat-o public, numind-o „o voce pentru pace, justi\u021bie social\u0103 \u0219i o Irland\u0103 unit\u0103”. Ceea ce progresi\u0219tii s\u0103rb\u0103toresc, conservatorii v\u0103d ca pe un semnal de alarm\u0103. <\/p>\n

Din perspectiva ECR, aceste alegeri expun mai multe vulnerabilit\u0103\u021bi structurale. Sus\u021bin\u0103torii lui Connolly au dreptate \u00eentr-un sens: participarea democratic\u0103 a fost constr\u00e2ns\u0103 excesiv de un sistem de nominalizare conceput pentru o alt\u0103 epoc\u0103. Dar solu\u021bia nu este tipul de st\u00e2ngism ideologic pe care \u00eel reprezint\u0103 Connolly. Votul de protest \u0219i rezultatul alegerilor arat\u0103 at\u00e2t eroziunea \u00eencrederii \u00een structurile instituite. Totu\u0219i, r\u0103spunsul la aceast\u0103 erodare se afl\u0103 \u00een principiile conservatoare – subsidiaritate, integritate institu\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i o cultur\u0103 politic\u0103 \u00eenr\u0103d\u0103cinat\u0103 \u00een responsabilitate, mai degrab\u0103 dec\u00e2t \u00een gesturi teatrale. <\/p>\n

Scepticismul lui Connolly fa\u021b\u0103 de NATO, exprimat \u00een mijlocul unui mediu geopolitic din ce \u00een ce mai instabil, ridic\u0103 probleme legitime. Av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u0103 agresiunea Rusiei remodeleaz\u0103 priorit\u0103\u021bile de securitate \u00een Europa, ideea c\u0103 Irlanda ar trebui s\u0103 se \u00eendep\u0103rteze de securitatea colectiv\u0103 contravine nevoii practice de descurajare. O pre\u0219edin\u021bie care \u00ee\u0219i folose\u0219te platforma moral\u0103 pentru a semnala dezangajarea nu va consolida pozi\u021bia Irlandei. <\/p>\n

Cu toate acestea, problema mai profund\u0103 nu se afl\u0103 doar la Connolly. Gestionarea defectuoas\u0103 de c\u0103tre guvern a procesului de desemnare a candida\u021bilor, fragmentarea din cadrul coali\u021biei \u0219i mul\u021bumirea manifestat\u0103 de ambele partide aflate la guvernare au creat vidul perfect pentru ascensiunea sa. Fenomenul votului anulat ilustreaz\u0103 c\u00e2t de dezangajate au devenit segmente mari ale popula\u021biei fa\u021b\u0103 de centrul politic. Mul\u021bi nu v\u0103d o distinc\u021bie semnificativ\u0103 \u00eentre principalele partide. Al\u021bii cred c\u0103 sistemul este construit pentru a produce rezultate predeterminate. <\/p>\n

Dezbaterea din Oireachtas privind reformarea nominaliz\u0103rilor nu va disp\u0103rea. Amploarea votului de protest garanteaz\u0103 c\u0103 problema va reveni rapid. Faptul c\u0103 guvernul va accelera reforma sau va permite ca problema s\u0103 persiste va dezv\u0103lui multe despre capacitatea sa de a recunoa\u0219te pericolele din fa\u021ba sa. Alegerile preziden\u021biale pot fi ceremoniale, dar furia din spatele celor 213 000 de buletine de vot anulate nu este. Aceasta reflect\u0103 o dislocare mai profund\u0103, \u00een special \u00een r\u00e2ndul aleg\u0103torilor care se simt ignora\u021bi \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te locuin\u021bele, imigra\u021bia, securitatea local\u0103 \u0219i direc\u021bia statului. <\/p>\n

Pre\u0219edin\u021bia lui Connolly va testa dac\u0103 institu\u021biile irlandeze pot absorbi o figur\u0103 care se afl\u0103 adesea \u00een dezacord cu politica general\u0103. Este pu\u021bin probabil ca priorit\u0103\u021bile sale – redistribuirea economic\u0103, activismul pentru mediu, ap\u0103rarea drepturilor \u0219i simbolismul reunific\u0103rii – s\u0103 se alinieze cu instinctele unei p\u0103r\u021bi considerabile a \u021b\u0103rii. Ea are energia unui candidat protestatar, dar ocup\u0103 acum un birou construit pe continuitate. Aceast\u0103 tensiune va defini urm\u0103torii \u0219apte ani. <\/p>\n

Pentru partidele aflate la guvernare, aceste alegeri marcheaz\u0103 un punct de cotitur\u0103. O nou\u0103 aliniere de st\u00e2nga se consolideaz\u0103. Sinn F\u00e9in, independen\u021bii de st\u00e2nga, Verzii \u0219i militan\u021bii sociali au demonstrat o capacitate de coordonare \u00een jurul unor obiective comune. Nu exist\u0103 o coeren\u021b\u0103 comparabil\u0103 la dreapta. \u00cen ciuda nemul\u021bumirii generalizate \u00een r\u00e2ndul aleg\u0103torilor conservatori, nu exist\u0103 niciun mecanism unificat, nicio platform\u0103 comun\u0103 \u0219i niciun interes \u00een r\u00e2ndul partidelor existente de a construi una. Acest vid este \u00een cre\u0219tere. <\/p>\n

Realinierea politic\u0103 a Irlandei este \u00een curs de desf\u0103\u0219urare. Victoria lui Connolly nu a provocat-o, dar a f\u0103cut-o imposibil de ignorat. Voturile anulate, terenul slab, centrul fracturat \u0219i ascensiunea unei st\u00e2ngi coordonate indic\u0103 toate o schimbare mai profund\u0103. Faptul c\u0103 conservatorii r\u0103spund cu organizare sau continu\u0103 s\u0103 se fragmenteze va determina urm\u0103torul deceniu al politicii irlandeze mult mai mult dec\u00e2t orice discurs ceremonial de la \u00c1ras. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Alegerea lui Catherine Connolly ca al zecelea pre\u0219edinte al Irlandei, la 25 octombrie, nu a surprins pe nimeni care s\u0103 fie atent la modul \u00een care s-a desf\u0103\u0219urat cursa. Cu doar doi candida\u021bi pe buletinul de vot, rezultatul a fost stabilit cu mult \u00eenainte de ziua vot\u0103rii. Connolly a ob\u021binut 63,4 % din voturile valide […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":68,"featured_media":46202,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[160],"tags":[],"editorial-positions":[],"regions":[365],"types":[456],"class_list":["post-46964","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politica","regions-western-europe-ro","types-opinion-ro"],"yoast_head":"\nAlegerile preziden\u021biale din Irlanda: Re\u00eennoire democratic\u0103 sau radicalism \u00een ascensiune? - The Conservative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/alegerile-prezidentiale-din-irlanda-reinnoire-democratica-sau-radicalism-in-ascensiune\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Alegerile preziden\u021biale din Irlanda: Re\u00eennoire democratic\u0103 sau radicalism \u00een ascensiune? - The Conservative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Alegerea lui Catherine Connolly ca al zecelea pre\u0219edinte al Irlandei, la 25 octombrie, nu a surprins pe nimeni care s\u0103 fie atent la modul \u00een care s-a desf\u0103\u0219urat cursa. Cu doar doi candida\u021bi pe buletinul de vot, rezultatul a fost stabilit cu mult \u00eenainte de ziua vot\u0103rii. 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