{"id":51522,"date":"2026-02-28T13:40:21","date_gmt":"2026-02-28T13:40:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/de-ce-europa-inca-nu-poate-pastra-medicamentele-pe-rafturile-farmaciilor"},"modified":"2026-02-28T13:40:21","modified_gmt":"2026-02-28T13:40:21","slug":"de-ce-europa-inca-nu-poate-pastra-medicamentele-pe-rafturile-farmaciilor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/de-ce-europa-inca-nu-poate-pastra-medicamentele-pe-rafturile-farmaciilor","title":{"rendered":"De ce Europa \u00eenc\u0103 nu poate p\u0103stra medicamentele pe rafturile farmaciilor"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Dac\u0103 a\u021bi fost recent la farmacie \u0219i vi s-a spus c\u0103 re\u021beta dumneavoastr\u0103 obi\u0219nuit\u0103 nu este disponibil\u0103, nu sunte\u021bi singur \u0219i nu v\u0103 imagina\u021bi. Acela\u0219i lucru se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u00een \u00eentreaga \u021bar\u0103 \u0219i se \u00eenr\u0103ut\u0103\u021be\u0219te constant de ani de zile. <\/p>\n

Irlanda ramburseaz\u0103 medicamentele generice la rate care, \u00een compara\u021bie cu majoritatea vecinilor no\u0219tri europeni, sunt sc\u0103zute. Atunci c\u00e2nd companiile farmaceutice au stocuri limitate de distribuit \u00een mai multe \u021b\u0103ri, iar stocurile limitate sunt acum mai degrab\u0103 o norm\u0103 dec\u00e2t o excep\u021bie, acestea le trimit pe pie\u021bele care pl\u0103tesc mai mult. Noi primim ce r\u0103m\u00e2ne. Este aceea\u0219i logic\u0103 care se aplic\u0103 oric\u0103rui alt produs pe orice alt\u0103 pia\u021b\u0103, cu excep\u021bia faptului c\u0103, \u00een cazul medicamentelor de care oamenii au nevoie pentru a r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een via\u021b\u0103, tindem s\u0103 uit\u0103m c\u0103 cererea \u0219i oferta sunt \u00eenc\u0103 reale. <\/p>\n

HSE \u0219i HPRA fac fa\u021b\u0103 deficitelor prin importul de alternative nelicen\u021biate din alte \u021b\u0103ri, ceea ce men\u021bine un anumit flux de aprovizionare. Dar, din p\u0103cate, aceste alternative importate \u00eei cost\u0103 adesea mai mult pe pacien\u021bi, deoarece rambursarea adesea nu acoper\u0103 \u00een totalitate produsul de substitu\u021bie sau dureaz\u0103 mai mult p\u00e2n\u0103 la sosire. Prin urmare, dac\u0103 sunte\u021bi un pensionar cu un venit fix care \u00ee\u0219i completeaz\u0103 aceea\u0219i re\u021bet\u0103 \u00een fiecare lun\u0103, dumneavoastr\u0103 sunte\u021bi cel care absoarbe costul – nu ar trebui s\u0103 v\u0103 a\u0219tepta\u021bi ca cineva de la Bruxelles sau de la Ministerul S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii s\u0103 pl\u0103teasc\u0103 nota de plat\u0103. <\/p>\n

Acordul privind farmaciile comunitare semnat \u00een septembrie 2025 a adus unele schimb\u0103ri. Farmaci\u0219tii au primit mai mult spa\u021biu de manevr\u0103 pentru a \u00eenlocui produse echivalente, iar sistemul de urm\u0103rire a importurilor de urgen\u021b\u0103 rambursate a fost \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit. Sun\u0103 bine, dar farmaci\u0219tii \u00ee\u0219i petrec \u00eenc\u0103 o mare parte din zi explic\u00e2nd pacien\u021bilor de ce li s-a schimbat medica\u021bia, care este \u00eenlocuitorul \u0219i dac\u0103 acesta va func\u021biona la fel. Cineva ar fi crezut c\u0103 aceasta nu este utilizarea optim\u0103 a timpului unui farmacist. \u0218i probabil nici a pacientului. <\/p>\n

Ca \u00een multe alte cazuri, situa\u021bia Irlandei este doar versiunea cea mai clar\u0103 a unei probleme care exist\u0103 \u00een \u00eentreaga UE. Sondajele arat\u0103 c\u0103 lipsurile afecteaz\u0103 sute de produse pe \u021bar\u0103 \u00een orice moment. Aproape fiecare stat membru raporteaz\u0103 \u00een prezent probleme continue de aprovizionare. Aproape c\u0103 exist\u0103 o cauz\u0103 comun\u0103 la ceea ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103, dar mai multe despre aceasta mai t\u00e2rziu. <\/p>\n

Aceste penurii obi\u0219nuiau s\u0103 fie temporare \u0219i localizabile, o retragere din fabric\u0103, o problem\u0103 de calitate, o cre\u0219tere a cererii cauzat\u0103 de o pandemie etc. Ceea ce tr\u0103im acum este ceva mai permanent; penuria a devenit structural\u0103. <\/p>\n

\u00cencep\u00e2nd cu anii 1990, produc\u021bia de ingrediente chimice brute care intr\u0103 \u00een compozi\u021bia majorit\u0103\u021bii medicamentelor, ceea ce industria nume\u0219te ingrediente farmaceutice active sau API, s-a mutat \u00een mod constant din Europa \u00een Asia, mai ales \u00een China \u0219i India. Acest lucru s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat din motivul evident c\u0103 era mai ieftin. Guvernele europene au fost destul de mul\u021bumite de acest aranjament atunci c\u00e2nd acesta a adus pre\u021buri mai mici. Nimeni nu-\u0219i punea \u00eentreb\u0103rile incomode \u0219i cam nesim\u021bite cu privire la ce s-ar putea \u00eent\u00e2mpla dac\u0103 furnizorii asiatici nu ar putea livra, sau poate pur \u0219i simplu nu ar dori s\u0103 o fac\u0103. <\/p>\n

Apoi a venit COVID, care a perturbat totul. Apoi r\u0103zboiul din Ucraina, care a perturbat din nou totul. \u0218i a\u0219a mai departe, mereu a\u0219a va fi. <\/p>\n

Antibioticele, medicamentele pentru inim\u0103, medicamentele \u00eempotriva cancerului, toate au devenit insuficiente. \u0218i s-a descoperit, cu \u00eent\u00e2rziere, c\u0103 Europa \u0219i-a l\u0103sat propria capacitate s\u0103 se atrofieze p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een punctul \u00een care nu mai exista o capacitate de produc\u021bie realist\u0103 pe care s\u0103 se bazeze. <\/p>\n

Produsele farmaceutice generice, care reprezint\u0103 majoritatea acestor produse afectate de penurie, func\u021bioneaz\u0103 pe marje sub\u021biri. Companiile care se confrunt\u0103 cu probleme de produc\u021bie sau cu cre\u0219teri ale costurilor fac un calcul destul de simplu: servesc pie\u021bele unde c\u00e2\u0219tig\u0103 cel mai mult \u0219i se retrag din cele unde c\u00e2\u0219tig\u0103 cel mai pu\u021bin. <\/p>\n

Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 toate acestea, baza fizic\u0103 de produc\u021bie pentru mul\u021bi dintre ace\u0219ti compu\u0219i este concentrat\u0103 \u00eentr-un num\u0103r mic de loca\u021bii. Dac\u0103 ceva nu merge bine la o fabric\u0103, efectul de und\u0103 ajunge pe rafturile farmaciilor de pe \u00eentregul continent \u00een c\u00e2teva s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni. Nu exist\u0103 capacitate de rezerv\u0103. <\/p>\n

EMA a primit competen\u021be extinse de monitorizare \u00een 2022. \u00cen 2023 au fost publicate orient\u0103ri privind stocarea. \u00cen 2024 a fost \u00eenfiin\u021bat\u0103 o Alian\u021b\u0103 pentru medicamente critice, care a publicat un set de recomand\u0103ri. \u0218i a\u0219a mai departe, la nesf\u00e2r\u0219it. <\/p>\n

Impulsul legislativ mai mare a venit la \u00eenceputul anului 2025 cu Legea privind medicamentele esen\u021biale, care reprezint\u0103 \u00eencercarea Comisiei de a aborda problema pe mai multe fronturi \u00een acela\u0219i timp. Ideea este de a stimula noua produc\u021bie \u00een Europa prin sprijin financiar, autorizare mai rapid\u0103, norme reformate privind achizi\u021biile publice, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t guvernele s\u0103 ia \u00een considerare fiabilitatea aprovizion\u0103rii al\u0103turi de pre\u021b, permi\u021b\u00e2nd \u021b\u0103rilor mai mici s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i pun\u0103 \u00een comun puterea de cump\u0103rare \u00een loc s\u0103 concureze singure \u0219i stabilind acorduri de aprovizionare cu \u021b\u0103ri din afara bazei actuale de furnizori ai Europei. <\/p>\n

Comisia pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate a Parlamentului \u0219i-a adoptat pozi\u021bia la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului 2025, iar procesul legislativ mai amplu ar trebui s\u0103 dureze p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2026. Surprinz\u0103tor pentru PE, dinamica politic\u0103 este de fapt favorabil\u0103. Lipsa medicamentelor nu este o problem\u0103 de st\u00e2nga-dreapta. Grupurile de pacien\u021bi doresc ac\u021biune. Grupurile industriale doresc ac\u021biune. Statele membre au aprobat la nivelul Consiliului principiul dependen\u021bei reduse de furnizorii externi. Dac\u0103 exist\u0103 ceva care s\u0103 atrag\u0103 un sprijin transpartinic \u00eentr-un Parlament European fracturat, atunci este acest lucru. <\/p>\n

Preocuparea, \u00eens\u0103, este viteza. Un aspect pentru care procesele legislative ale UE nu au fost concepute \u00een mod tradi\u021bional. <\/p>\n

\u00cen timp ce UE a legiferat, Washingtonul a ac\u021bionat. Cea de-a doua administra\u021bie Trump, de la preluarea mandatului \u00een 2025, a folosit ordine executive pentru a relaxa, la fel ca o doz\u0103 de s\u0103ruri, reglement\u0103rile privind produc\u021bia intern\u0103, a stabilit o rezerv\u0103 na\u021bional\u0103 de ingrediente farmaceutice esen\u021biale \u0219i a amenin\u021bat cu tarife de 100% pentru medicamentele de marc\u0103 importate, dac\u0103 marile companii farmaceutice nu se angajeaz\u0103 s\u0103 creeze capacit\u0103\u021bi de produc\u021bie \u00een Statele Unite. <\/p>\n

Rezultatele au fost rapide. C\u00e2teva dintre cele mai mari companii farmaceutice din lume au \u00eengenuncheat pentru a promite \u00een mod colectiv investi\u021bii de peste o sut\u0103 de miliarde de dolari \u00een SUA. \u00cen schimb, au ob\u021binut scutiri tarifare \u0219i concesii \u00een materie de pre\u021buri. <\/p>\n

Acum, din perspectiva american\u0103, aceasta este o poveste de succes. SUA prime\u0219te noi fabrici, noi locuri de munc\u0103 \u0219i o aprovizionare intern\u0103 mai sigur\u0103. Dintr-o perspectiv\u0103 european\u0103, este o problem\u0103. Acei bani sunt acum dedica\u021bi fabricilor americane. Ei nu vor fi cheltui\u021bi pentru construirea de capacit\u0103\u021bi \u00een Europa. Dac\u0103 industria farmaceutic\u0103 mondial\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i petrece urm\u0103torul deceniu extinz\u00e2ndu-se \u00een principal \u00een SUA, aprovizionarea european\u0103 devine mai fragil\u0103, nu mai pu\u021bin, indiferent de legisla\u021bia pe care Bruxelles-ul reu\u0219e\u0219te s\u0103 o adopte. <\/p>\n

Iar mediul diplomatic dintre Washington \u0219i Bruxelles nu este, ca s\u0103 nu spun mai mult, favorabil tipului de parteneriate interna\u021bionale de cooperare pe care se baza Legea privind medicamentele esen\u021biale.<\/p>\n

Acum, poate constat\u0103m c\u0103 firmele farmaceutice au fost mai pu\u021bin oneste \u00een declara\u021biile lor americane \u0219i poate c\u0103 inten\u021bioneaz\u0103 s\u0103 fac\u0103 minimul necesar, dar minimul necesar aici poate fi mai mult dec\u00e2t prime\u0219te Europa.<\/p>\n

Legea privind medicamentele critice este r\u0103spunsul potrivit. \u00centrebarea este dac\u0103 va ajunge la timp \u0219i dac\u0103 statele membre o vor pune \u00een aplicare de urgen\u021b\u0103 sau dac\u0103 va urma calea at\u00e2tor ini\u021biative ale UE \u0219i va fi un alt act legislativ bine inten\u021bionat care va dura ani de zile p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd se va traduce \u00een ceva ce un pacient ar observa. <\/p>\n

Irlanda are un interes deosebit \u00een acest sens. Pozi\u021bia noastr\u0103 pe pia\u021b\u0103, mic\u0103, cu rate de rambursare sub medie, dependent\u0103 de \u021b\u0103rile mai mari care sunt servite primele, \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 beneficiem mai mult dec\u00e2t majoritatea de puterea de cump\u0103rare colectiv\u0103 european\u0103 \u0219i de o pia\u021b\u0103 unic\u0103 care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 corect. Dar suntem, de asemenea, mai expu\u0219i dec\u00e2t majoritatea atunci c\u00e2nd aceste sisteme nu dau rezultate. <\/p>\n

UIP num\u0103r\u0103 ast\u0103zi peste 200 de lipsuri, iar acest num\u0103r este \u00een cre\u0219tere. Nimic din ceea ce se afl\u0103 \u00een prezent \u00een circuitul legislativ nu va schimba acest lucru anul acesta. \u00centrebarea este dac\u0103 se va schimba ceva sau dac\u0103 pur \u0219i simplu ni se va spune, din nou, c\u0103 UE lucreaz\u0103 la asta. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dac\u0103 a\u021bi fost recent la farmacie \u0219i vi s-a spus c\u0103 re\u021beta dumneavoastr\u0103 obi\u0219nuit\u0103 nu este disponibil\u0103, nu sunte\u021bi singur \u0219i nu v\u0103 imagina\u021bi. Acela\u0219i lucru se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u00een \u00eentreaga \u021bar\u0103 \u0219i se \u00eenr\u0103ut\u0103\u021be\u0219te constant de ani de zile. Irlanda ramburseaz\u0103 medicamentele generice la rate care, \u00een compara\u021bie cu majoritatea vecinilor no\u0219tri europeni, sunt sc\u0103zute. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":68,"featured_media":49819,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[157,263,200],"tags":[],"editorial-positions":[],"regions":[],"types":[],"class_list":["post-51522","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-comert-si-economie","category-legal-ro","category-sanatate"],"yoast_head":"\nDe ce Europa \u00eenc\u0103 nu poate p\u0103stra medicamentele pe rafturile farmaciilor - The Conservative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theconservative.online\/ro\/de-ce-europa-inca-nu-poate-pastra-medicamentele-pe-rafturile-farmaciilor\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"De ce Europa \u00eenc\u0103 nu poate p\u0103stra medicamentele pe rafturile farmaciilor - The Conservative\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dac\u0103 a\u021bi fost recent la farmacie \u0219i vi s-a spus c\u0103 re\u021beta dumneavoastr\u0103 obi\u0219nuit\u0103 nu este disponibil\u0103, nu sunte\u021bi singur \u0219i nu v\u0103 imagina\u021bi. Acela\u0219i lucru se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u00een \u00eentreaga \u021bar\u0103 \u0219i se \u00eenr\u0103ut\u0103\u021be\u0219te constant de ani de zile. Irlanda ramburseaz\u0103 medicamentele generice la rate care, \u00een compara\u021bie cu majoritatea vecinilor no\u0219tri europeni, sunt sc\u0103zute. 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